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In the wake of the establishment of the normal number of human chromosomes, 47,XYY was the last of the common sex chromosome aneuploidies to be discovered, two years after the discoveries of 47,XXY, [27] 45,X [28] and 47,XXX [29] in 1959. Even the much less common 48,XXYY [30] had been discovered in 1960, a year before 47,XYY.
The presentation of XYYY syndrome is variable and at this time not entirely clear. As all known cases were diagnosed postnatally (after birth), and the similar XYY syndrome is known to have a milder phenotype in prenatally than postnatally diagnosed cases, it is suspected that many cases of XYYY syndrome may be mild or asymptomatic.
Nine of the patients, ranging from 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) to 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) height, were found to have an extra Y chromosome, the XYY syndrome. [20] [21] [22] Jacobs hypothesized that men with XYY syndrome are more prone to aggressive and violent behavior than males with the normal XY karyotype, but the idea was later shown to be incorrect.
Decades of research have demonstrated that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in a variety of behaviors in humans and animals (e.g. Grigorenko & Sternberg, 2003). The genetic basis of aggression, however, remains poorly understood. Aggression is a multi-dimensional concept, but it can be generally defined as behavior that ...
Speck was erroneously reported to have an extra Y chromosome; in fact, his karyotype was performed twice and was normal each time. [73] While attempts have been made to link the XYY karyotype to violence, including serial murder, research has consistently found little or no association between violent criminal behaviour and an extra Y ...
In 1959, five days after Jérôme Lejeune described the trisomy-21 [3] in Down syndrome, basing himself off Marthe Gautier's work, [4] Jacobs and John Strong described an additional X chromosome in male patients (the 47,XXY karyotype) [5] also known as Klinefelter syndrome, as Harry Klinefelter had already diagnosed the symptoms in 1942.
XYYYY syndrome, also known as 49,XYYYY, is an exceptionally rare chromosomal disorder in which a male human has three additional copies of the Y chromosome. Only seven non- mosaic cases of the disorder have ever been recorded in the medical literature, as well as five mosaic cases, of which two had more 48,XYYY than 49,XYYYY cells. [ 1 ]
Biosocial criminology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring both biological factors and environmental factors. While contemporary criminology has been dominated by sociological theories, biosocial criminology also recognizes the potential contributions of fields such as genetics ...