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In physics, the Lamb shift, named after Willis Lamb, is an anomalous difference in energy between two electron orbitals in a hydrogen atom. The difference was not predicted by theory and it cannot be derived from the Dirac equation , which predicts identical energies.
Willis Lamb had found when probing hydrogen atoms with microwave beams that one of the two possible quantum states had slightly more energy than predicted by the Dirac theory; this became known as the Lamb shift. Lamb had discovered the shift a few weeks before (with Robert Retherford), so this was a
Willis Eugene Lamb Jr. (/ l æ m /; July 12, 1913 – May 15, 2008) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1955 "for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum."
Robert Curtis Retherford (1912–1981) was an American physicist.He was a graduate student of Willis Lamb at Columbia Radiation Laboratory.Retherford and Lamb performed the famous experiment (now known as the Lamb–Retherford experiment) revealing Lamb shift in the fine structure of hydrogen, a decisive experimental step toward a new understanding of quantum electrodynamics.
1947 – Willis Lamb and Robert Retherford measure the small energy shift (the Lamb shift) between the 2 S 1/2 and 2 P 1/2 orbitals of hydrogen, providing a great stimulus to the development of quantum electrodynamics. 1949 – Hydrodesulfurization (catalytic reforming) is commercialized under the name "platforming process".
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There he obtained his PhD with advisor Willis Lamb with a dissertation on measurement of the Lamb shift in singly ionized helium. [1] From 1953 to 1954 Lipworth held a fellowship with RCA. He also was a consultant at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and received research grants from the National Science Foundation. [2]