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During the occupation of Germany by the Allies after World War II, the US Army designated the prison as War Criminal Prison No. 1 to hold convicted Nazi war criminals. [2] It was run and guarded by personnel from the United States Army's Military Police (MPs). The first condemned prisoners arrived at Landsberg prison in December 1945.
The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, [1] [note 1] was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 16 January 2025. German Nazi politician (1894–1987) This article is about the Deputy Führer to Adolf Hitler. For the commandant of the Auschwitz concentration camp, see Rudolf Höss. For the Californian artist, see Rudolf Hess (artist). Reichsleiter Rudolf Hess Hess in 1935 Deputy Führer of the Nazi ...
Although he later claimed that another man was actually in charge, Höss accepted the blame as the group's leader. He was convicted and sentenced (on 15 [19] or 17 March 1924 [20]) to 10 years in prison, while Bormann received a one-year sentence. [21] Höss served out his prison sentence in the Brandenburg penitentiary.
Spandau Prison in 1951 Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Dorofeev (Soviet Union), MG John E. Rogers (USA), West Berlin, 1 April 1981. Spandau Prison was a former military prison located in the Spandau borough of West Berlin (present-day Berlin, Germany). Built in 1876, it became a proto-concentration camp under Nazi Germany.
Adolf Hitler [a] (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party , [ c ] becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934.
In September 1921, Hitler was arrested after he and members of his SA paramilitary faction disrupted a Bayernbund meeting hosting the federalist Ballerstedt. [3] Neithardt presided over Hitler's trial, which sentenced Hitler to three months in prison. Hitler served one month of his sentence. [3]
After Hitler's release from prison, the Nazi Party was officially refounded. In 1925, Hitler ordered the formation of a new bodyguard unit, the Schutzkommando (protection command). [ 11 ] It was formed by Julius Schreck and included old Stoßtrupp members, Maurice and Heiden.