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In set theory, a dichotomous relation R is such that either aRb, bRa, but not both. [1] A false dichotomy is an informal fallacy consisting of a supposed dichotomy which fails one or both of the conditions: it is not jointly exhaustive and/or not mutually exclusive. In its most common form, two entities are presented as if they are exhaustive ...
The values are ordered in a logical way and must be defined for each variable. Domains can be bigger or smaller. The smallest possible domains have those variables that can only have two values, also called binary (or dichotomous) variables. Bigger domains have non-dichotomous variables and the ones with a higher level of measurement.
In computer science, a dichotomic search is a search algorithm that operates by selecting between two distinct alternatives (dichotomies [1] or polychotomies [2] when they are more than two) at each step. It is a specific type of divide and conquer algorithm. A well-known example is binary search. [3]
A discrete power-law distribution, the most famous example of which is the description of the frequency of words in the English language. The Zipf–Mandelbrot law is a discrete power law distribution which is a generalization of the Zipf distribution. Conway–Maxwell–Poisson distribution Poisson distribution Skellam distribution
It is also called dichotomous data, and an older term is quantal data. [1] The two values are often referred to generically as "success" and "failure". [ 1 ] As a form of categorical data, binary data is nominal data , meaning the values are qualitatively different and cannot be compared numerically.
A common measure of dichotomous thinking is the cliff effect. [1] A reason to avoid dichotomous thinking is that p-values and other statistics naturally change from study to study due to random variation alone; [2] [3] decisions about refutation or support of a scientific hypothesis based on a result from a single study are therefore not ...
A branching identification key within taxonomy (the practice and science of categorization or classification), is a presentation form of a single-access key where the structure of the decision tree is displayed graphically as a branching structure, involving lines between items. [1]
In biology or medicine, a multi-access key is an identification key which overcomes the problem of the more traditional single-access keys (dichotomous or polytomous identification keys) of requiring a fixed sequence of identification steps.