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Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis that originates in the works of 19th century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.Marxism analyzes and critiques the development of class society and especially of capitalism as well as the role of class struggles in systemic, economic, social and political change.
Complicating this is the fact that Marx's own ideas about the state changed as he grew older, differing in his early pre-communist phase, in the young Marx phase which predates the unsuccessful 1848 uprisings in Europe, and in his later work. Marx initially followed an evolutionary theory of the state.
Karl Marx criticized liberalism as not democratic enough and found the unequal social situation of the workers during the Industrial Revolution undermined the democratic agency of citizens. [13] Marxists differ in their positions towards democracy. [14] [15] controversy over Marx's legacy today turns largely on its ambiguous relation to democracy
Some trace the concept of the state withering away back to the early Karl Marx of the 1840s and to the socialist anarchist theorist Proudhon (1809-1865). [6] However, Marx's advocacy for the dictatorship of the proletariat and Proudhon's antagonism towards the state [7] proved uncomfortable bedfellows, [8] and the two thinkers parted company c ...
Influences on Karl Marx are generally thought to have been derived from three main sources, namely German idealist philosophy, French socialism and English and Scottish political economy. German philosophy
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 7 January 2025. Economic and sociopolitical worldview For the political ideology commonly associated with states governed by communist parties, see Marxism–Leninism. Karl Marx, after whom Marxism is named Part of a series on Marxism Theoretical works Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 The ...
Karl Marx considered capitalism to be a historically specific mode of production. [17] Marx's critique of political economy encompasses the study and exposition of the mode of production and ideology of bourgeois society, that is, the fundamental "economic" and social categories present within what for Marx is the capitalist mode of production ...
The Marxist view of socialism served as a point of reference during the socialist calculation debate. Marx himself did not use the term socialism to refer to this development. Instead, Marx called it a communist society that has not yet reached its higher-stage. [8] The term socialism was popularized during the Russian Revolution by Vladimir ...