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Bread flour or strong flour is always made from hard wheat, usually hard spring wheat. It has a very high protein content, between 10% and 13%, making it excellent for yeast bread baking. It can be white or whole wheat or in between. [3] Cake flour is a finely milled white flour made from soft wheat.
E2 competes with the S N 2 reaction mechanism if the base can also act as a nucleophile (true for many common bases). Scheme 1: E2 reaction mechanism. An example of this type of reaction in scheme 1 is the reaction of isobutylbromide with potassium ethoxide in ethanol. The reaction products are isobutene, ethanol and potassium bromide.
Due to the presence of an empty p orbital after departure of the leaving group, the hydrogen on the neighboring carbon becomes much more acidic, allowing it to then be removed by the weak base in the second step. In an E2 reaction, the presence of a strong base and a good leaving group allows proton abstraction by the base and the departure of ...
"Strong flour" or "hard flour" has a higher gluten content than "weak" or "soft" flour. "Brown" and wholemeal flours may be made of hard or soft wheat. Atta flour is a whole-grain wheat flour important in Indian and Pakistani cuisine, used for a range of breads such as roti and chapati. It is usually stone-ground to coarse granules, which gives ...
Manitoba flour, a name chiefly used in Italy, is a flour of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) originating in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is a strong flour, and distinguished from weaker flours as measured with a Chopin alveograph .
Finally, if you really want to make sure you don't open a new bag of flour to find it crawling with uninvited friends, yes, he assures, the freezing hack works: "Wheat flour can be frozen for one ...
Here's our general rule of thumb: For sturdier-textured baked goods (bread, pizza dough), swap at least 50% (and up to 100%) of the all-purpose flour with regular whole-wheat or milder-flavored ...
The position of equilibrium varies from base to base when a weak base reacts with water. The further to the left it is, the weaker the base. [5] When there is a hydrogen ion gradient between two sides of the biological membrane, the concentration of some weak bases are focused on only one side of the membrane. [6]