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This model of change, developed by Lewin, was a simplistic view of the process to change. This original model "developed in the 1920s and fully articulated in Lewin's (1936a) book Principles of Topological Psychology" [ 8 ] paved the way for other change models to be developed in the future.
Lewin died early on in the project and the work was continued by co-founders Ron Lippitt, Lee Bradford, and Ken Benne, [2] among others. The NTL Institute produced or influenced other notable and influential contributors to the human relations movement in post-World War II management though, notably Douglas McGregor (who, like Lewin, also died ...
The new mindset is crystallizing and one's comfort level is returning to previous levels. This is often misquoted as "refreezing". Lewin's three-step process is regarded as a foundational model for making change in organizations. There is now evidence, however, that Lewin never developed such a model and that it took form after his death in ...
People developing their theory of change in a workshop. A theory of change (ToC) is an explicit theory of how and why it is thought that a social policy or program activities lead to outcomes and impacts. [1] ToCs are used in the design of programs and program evaluation, across a range of policy areas.
Lewin's early model of change was described it in terms of a three-stage process, and served as a corner piece to Reddin's work on helping managers and leaders become effective. In Lewin's change model he called the first stage unfreezing involving overcoming inertia and dismantling an existing mind-set. He saw this mind-set as a defense ...
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Relying to the Lippitt-White study of authoritarian and democratic leadership styles, Lewin came up with the idea of Leadership training for all the levels of supervisory management. The methods that were used the most were role playing, socio-drama, self-examination, feedback-sessions, group problem solving, and other action research techniques.
Crosby, G. "Planned Change: Why Kurt Lewin's Social Science is Still Best Practice for Business Results, Change Management, and Human Progress." (2021) ISBN 978-0-367-53577-3 Chapter 10 is "The Birth of the T-group." William Schutz, Elements of Encounter, 1973; Gerald Corey, Theory and Practice of Group Counseling, second edition, 1985