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Proficiency may refer to: Language proficiency, the ability of an individual to speak or perform in an acquired language; Expertise; Skill, the learned capacity to carry out predetermined results often with the minimum outlay of time, energy, or both; Uncertainty coefficient, an information-theoretic measure of nominal association
In The Rhetoric of Expertise, E. Johanna Hartelius defines two basic modes of expertise: autonomous and attributed expertise. While an autonomous expert can "possess expert knowledge without recognition from other people," attributed expertise is "a performance that may or may not indicate genuine knowledge."
Sindermann and Sawyer conclude in their book The Scientist as Consultant, that a [scientific] consultant is successful, if they have "achieved a viable mix of technical proficiency and business skills" with "technical proficiency" meaning excellence in competence, credibility, effective networking with colleagues, and ability to negotiate. [60]
In "Master of Many Trades", Robert Twigger goes so far as to coin the word "monopath": "It means a person with a narrow mind, a one-track brain, a bore, a super-specialist, an expert with no other interests — in other words, the role-model of choice in the Western world." [19] This sentiment is not new.
Four levels of skill are generally recognized today in American military and civilian shooting circles: unqualified, marksman, sharpshooter, and expert. Marksmanship badges for the three qualified levels are commonly awarded to both civilian and military shooters who attain proficiency in shooting higher than "unqualified".
Words that carry meaning; usually nouns, verbs and sometimes adjectives and adverbs. Context clues Clues used when guessing word meanings; clues that provide students with meaning or comprehension based on the environment in which a word is found. Contrastive analysis Comparing two languages to predict where learning will be facilitated and ...
In part, ACTFL's definition of proficiency is derived from mandates issued by the U.S. government, declaring that a limited English proficient student is one who comes from a non-English background and "who has sufficient difficulty speaking, reading, writing, or understanding the English language and whose difficulties may deny such an ...
A British definition is "the ability to communicate effectively with people in a friendly way, especially in business." [21] The term is already listed in major US dictionaries. [22] The term people skills is used to include both psychological skills and social skills but is less inclusive than life skills.