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In that period, sail plans might start from smallest to largest boat or ship in a hierarchy of sailing rigs: [10] [2] Yachts. Catboat with a single sail; Sloop with mainsail and jib; Yawl with a small mast behind the steering post; Ketch with a mizzenmast ahead of the steering post; Working boats and coastal freighters. Cutter with a single ...
Sail components include the features that define a sail's shape and function, plus its constituent parts from which it is manufactured. A sail may be classified in a variety of ways, including by its orientation to the vessel (e.g. fore-and-aft) and its shape, (e.g. (a)symmetrical, triangular, quadrilateral, etc.).
Hull form lines, lengthwise and in cross-section from a 1781 plan. Hull shapes for sailing ships evolved from being relatively short and blunt to being longer and finer at the bow. [36] [obsolete source] By the nineteenth century, ships were built with reference to a half model, made from wooden layers that were pinned together. Each layer ...
A hull is the watertight body of a ship, boat, submarine, or flying boat. The hull may open at the top (such as a dinghy), or it may be fully or partially covered with a deck. Atop the deck may be a deckhouse and other superstructures, such as a funnel, derrick, or mast. The line where the hull meets the water surface is called the waterline.
In traditional construction, it is the structure upon which all else depends. Modern monocoque designs include a virtual keel. Even multihulls have keels. On a sailboat, the word "keel" is also used to refer to the area that is added to the hull to improve its lateral plane. The lateral plane is what prevents leeway and allows sailing towards ...
Cold moulding is a composite method of wooden boat building that uses two or more layers of thin wood, called veneers, oriented in different directions, resulting in a strong monocoque structure, similar to a fibreglass hull but substantially lighter. Sometimes composed of a base layer of strip planking followed by multiple veneers.
The following is a partial list of sailboat types and sailing classes, including keelboats, dinghies, and multihull (catamarans and trimarans). Olympic classes [ edit ]
Frames support the hull and give the ship its shape and strength. In wooden shipbuilding, each frame is composed of several sections, so that the grain of the wood can follow the curve of the frame. Starting from the keel, these are the floor (which crosses the keel and joins the frame to the keel), the first futtock , the second futtock , the ...