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Ethics is the philosophical study of moral phenomena. ... Agent-centered deontological theories focus on the person who acts and the duties they have. Agent-centered ...
The first discussion is on whether it is possible for an artificial system to be a moral agent - see artificial systems and moral responsibility. The second discussion concerns efforts to construct machines with ethically-significant behaviors - see machine ethics. Finally, there is debate about whether robots should be constructed as moral agents.
Moral patienthood [1] (also called moral patience, [2] moral patiency, [3] and moral status [4] [5]) is the state of being eligible for moral consideration by a moral agent. [4] In other words, the morality of an action can depend on how it affects or relates to moral patients.
Agent-focused consequentialism, on the other hand, focuses on the particular needs of the moral agent. Thus, in an agent-focused account, such as one that Peter Railton outlines, the agent might be concerned with the general welfare, but the agent is more concerned with the immediate welfare of herself and her friends and family.
Virtue ethics (also aretaic ethics, [a] [1] from Greek ἀρετή ) is a philosophical approach that treats virtue and character as the primary subjects of ethics, in contrast to other ethical systems that put consequences of voluntary acts, principles or rules of conduct, or obedience to divine authority in the primary role.
Agency is the capacity of an actor to act in a given environment. It is independent of the moral dimension, which is called moral agency.. In sociology, an agent is an individual engaging with the social structure.
The argument from luck is a criticism against the libertarian conception of moral responsibility. It suggests that any given action, and even a person's character, is the result of various forces outside a person's control.
The Nicomachean Ethics has received the most scholarly attention, and is the most easily available to modern readers in many different translations and editions. Some critics consider the Eudemian Ethics to be "less mature," while others, such as Kenny (1978), [4] contend that the Eudemian Ethics is the more mature, and therefore later, work.