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Autocracy is a form of government in which absolute power is held by the head of state and government, known as an autocrat. It includes some forms of monarchy and all forms of dictatorship, while it is contrasted with democracy and feudalism. Various definitions of autocracy exist.
Term Description Examples Autocracy: Autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power (social and political) is concentrated in the hands of one person or polity, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints nor regularized mechanisms of popular control (except perhaps for the implicit threat of a coup d'état or mass insurrection).
An Autocracy is a state/government in which one person possesses "unlimited power". A Totalitarian state is "based on subordination of the individual to the state and strict control of all aspects of the life and productive capacity of the nation especially by coercive measures (such as censorship and terrorism)".
A liberal autocracy is a non-democratic government that follows the principles of liberalism. [123] Until the 20th century, most countries in Western Europe were "liberal autocracies, or at best, semi-democracies". [124] One example of a "classic liberal autocracy" was the Austro-Hungarian Empire. [125]
Modern political science catalogues three régimes of government: (i) the democratic, (ii) the authoritarian, and (iii) the totalitarian. [8] [9] Varying by political culture, the functional characteristics of the totalitarian régime of government are: political repression of all opposition (individual and collective); a cult of personality about The Leader; official economic interventionism ...
A liberal autocracy is a non-democratic government that follows the principles of liberalism. [1] Until the 20th century, most countries in Western Europe were "liberal autocracies, or at best, semi-democracies". [2] One example of a "classic liberal autocracy" was the Austro-Hungarian Empire. [3]
A military junta (/ ˈ h ʊ n t ə, ˈ dʒ ʌ n t ə / ⓘ) is a system of government led by a committee of military leaders. The term junta means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the national and local junta organized by the Spanish resistance to Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808. [1]
Electoral autocracy is a hybrid regime, in which democratic institutions are imitative and adhere to authoritarian methods. In these regimes, regular elections are held, but they are accused of failing to reach democratic standards of freedom and fairness.