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Between 1862 and 1934, the federal government granted 1.6 million homesteads and distributed 270,000,000 acres (420,000 sq mi) of federal land for private ownership. This was a total of 10% of all land in the United States. [5] Homesteading was discontinued in 1976, except in Alaska, where it continued until 1986.
Using government grants, the Emergency Land Fund conducted research to determine why black Americans were losing land at an alarming rate. It found that the primary reason for the land loss was the heir property policy and that family owned land was easily lost in loans and other encumbrances. [13]
The Land Act of 1820 (ch. 51, 3 Stat. 566), enacted April 24, 1820, is the United States federal law that ended the ability to purchase the United States' public domain lands on a credit or installment system over four years, as previously established.
Revenues from public land purchases were a major source of funding for the federal government through the 19th century, along with tariff revenues, since the federal income tax was not established until the 20th century. Starting with the American Revolutionary War, veterans often received land grants instead of backpay or other remuneration. [9]
The federal government eventually gave away much of this land through the Homestead Acts. [3] The first grants were given to the Mobile and Ohio and Illinois Central Railroads in 1850. [2] Additional grants were made under the Pacific Railway Acts between 1862 and 1871, when they
African Americans in the United States have a unique history of homesteading, in part due to historical discrimination and legacies of enslavement. Black American communities were negatively impacted by the Homestead Act's implementation , which was designed to give land to those who had been enslaved and other underprivileged groups.
1890s: Homestead grants are awarded for coastal land around northern Palm Beach County and southern Martin County. Some agriculture is established, including pineapple farming. 1894: Florida East ...
The Smith–Lever Act of 1914 started federal funding of cooperative extension, with the land-grant universities' agents being sent to virtually every county of every state. In some states, the annual federal appropriations to the land-grant college under these laws exceed the current income from the investment of the sales proceeds of the ...
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