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  2. FIFO and LIFO accounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFO_and_LIFO_accounting

    The difference between the cost of an inventory calculated under the FIFO and LIFO methods is called the LIFO reserve (in the example above, it is $750, i.e. $5250 - $4500). This reserve, a form of contra account, is essentially the amount by which an entity's taxable income has been deferred by using the LIFO method. [2]

  3. Sales (accounting) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sales_(accounting)

    Gross sales are the sum of all sales during a time period. Net sales are gross sales minus sales returns, sales allowances, and sales discounts. Gross sales do not normally appear on an income statement. The sales figures reported on an income statement are net sales. [4] sales returns are refunds to customers for returned merchandise / credit ...

  4. Reserve (accounting) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_(accounting)

    In nonprofit accounting, an "operating reserve" is the unrestricted cash on hand available to sustain an organization, and nonprofit boards usually specify a target of maintaining several months of operating cash or a percentage of their annual income, called an operating reserve ratio.

  5. Special journals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_journals

    In special journal, transactions are recorded in a single line, and the format of the journal made it possible to post only the total amount for each account to the general ledger. For example, if fifty sales on account were made during one day, only the total amount for Accounts Receivable, Sales, and Sales Tax Payable were posted to the ...

  6. Journal entry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_entry

    A journal entry is the act of keeping or making records of any transactions either economic or non-economic. Transactions are listed in an accounting journal that shows a company's debit and credit balances. The journal entry can consist of several recordings, each of which is either a debit or a credit. The total of the debits must equal the ...

  7. General journal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_journal

    A general journal is a daybook or subsidiary journal in which transactions relating to adjustment entries, opening stock, depreciation, accounting errors etc. are recorded. The source documents for general journal entries may be journal vouchers, copies of management reports and invoices.

  8. Purchase returns journal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purchase_returns_journal

    A purchase returns journal (also known as returns outwards journal/purchase debits daybook) is a prime entry book or a daybook which is used to record purchase returns. In other words, it is the journal which is used to record the goods which are returned to the suppliers. The source document which is used as an evidence in recording ...

  9. Balance sheet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_sheet

    In financial accounting, a balance sheet (also known as statement of financial position or statement of financial condition) is a summary of the financial balances of an individual or organization, whether it be a sole proprietorship, a business partnership, a corporation, private limited company or other organization such as government or not ...