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The United States has a racially and ethnically diverse population. [1] At the federal level, race and ethnicity have been categorized separately. The most recent United States census recognized five racial categories (White, Black, Native American/Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander), as well as people who belong to two or more of the racial categories.
As of 2017, 13.6% (44.4 million) of the population was foreign born – an increase from 4.7% in 1970 but less than the 1890 record of 14.8%. 45% of the foreign born population were naturalized US citizens. 23% (10.3 million) of the foreign born community is undocumented, accounting for 3.2% of the total population. [76]
Title page of 1790 United States census. The 1790 United States census was the first census in the history of the United States. The population of the United States was recorded as 3,929,214 as of Census Day, August 2, 1790, as mandated by Article I, Section 2 of the US Constitution and applicable laws.
This is a list of the 50 U.S. states, the 5 populated U.S. territories, and the District of Columbia by race/ethnicity. It includes a sortable table of population by race /ethnicity. The table excludes Hispanics from the racial categories, assigning them to their own category.
The 2020 United States census was the 24th decennial United States census.Census Day, the reference day used for the census, was April 1, 2020.Other than a pilot study during the 2000 census, [1] this was the first U.S. census to offer options to respond online or by phone, in addition to the paper response form used for previous censuses.
Considering only those who marked "black" and no other race in combination, as in the first table, the percentage was 12.4% in 2020, down from 12.6% in 2010. [1] Considering those who marked "black" and any other race in combination, as in the second table, the percentage increased from 13.6% to 14.2%.
The United States Census has race and ethnicity as defined by the Office of Management and Budget in 1997. [1] The following median per capita income data are retrieved from American Community Survey 2018 1-year estimates.
A much higher proportion of Hispanics choose mixed race rather than white in the 2020 census as compared to previous censuses. [10] Hispanics accounted for 51.1% of population growth between 2010-2020 and 56% between 2000 and 2010. [11] The proportion of the population which is Hispanic increased at least slightly in every state.