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  2. Assessment of kidney function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assessment_of_kidney_function

    The severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is described by six stages; the most severe three are defined by the MDRD-eGFR value, and first three also depend on whether there is other evidence of kidney disease (e.g., proteinuria): 0) Normal kidney function – GFR above 90 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2) and no proteinuria

  3. Reference ranges for blood tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_blood...

    Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...

  4. Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_filtration_rate

    Risk factors for kidney disease include diabetes, high blood pressure, family history, older age, ethnic group and smoking. For most patients, a GFR over 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 is adequate. But significant decline of the GFR from a previous test result can be an early indicator of kidney disease requiring medical intervention.

  5. Reference range - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_range

    The standard definition of a reference range for a particular measurement is defined as the interval between which 95% of values of a reference population fall into, in such a way that 2.5% of the time a value will be less than the lower limit of this interval, and 2.5% of the time it will be larger than the upper limit of this interval, whatever the distribution of these values.

  6. Creatinine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatinine

    The typical human reference ranges for serum creatinine are 0.5 mg/dL to 1.0 mg/dL (about 45 μmol/L to 90 μmol/L) for women and 0.7 mg/dL to 1.2 mg/dL (60 μmol/L to 110 μmol/L) for men. The significance of a single creatinine value must be interpreted in light of the patient's muscle mass.

  7. Blood urea nitrogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_urea_nitrogen

    BUN is an indication of kidney health. The normal range is 2.1–7.1 mmol/L or 6–20 mg/dL. [1]The main causes of an increase in BUN are: high-protein diet, decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (suggestive of kidney failure), decrease in blood volume (hypovolemia), congestive heart failure, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, [5] fever, rapid cell destruction from infections, athletic ...

  8. Urea-to-creatinine ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urea-to-creatinine_ratio

    The normal range of urea nitrogen in blood or serum is 5 to 20 mg/dl, or 1.8 to 7.1 mmol urea per liter. The range is wide because of normal variations due to protein intake, endogenous protein catabolism, state of hydration, hepatic urea synthesis, and renal urea excretion.

  9. Elevated alkaline phosphatase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevated_alkaline_phosphatase

    Normal levels of ALP range from (44 to 147) U/L (units per liter) and significantly elevated levels may be an indication of conditions such as various types of cancer, bone diseases such as Paget disease, liver diseases such as hepatitis, blood disorders, or other conditions. [20]

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