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Acetone (2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 CO. [22] It is the simplest and smallest ketone (R−C(=O)−R').It is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour, very reminiscent of the smell of pear drops.
Most of the worldwide production of phenol and acetone is now based on this method. In 2022, nearly 10.8 million tonnes of phenol was produced by the cumene process. [4] In order for this process to be economical, there must also be demand for the acetone by-product as well as the phenol. [5]
Examples [ edit ] Reaction of acetone with sodium cyanide to hydroxyacetonitrile Reaction of benzoquinone with trimethylsilylcyanide, catalyst KCN is introduced as a 1:1 complex with the Crown ether 18-crown-6
Fatty acid synthesis proceeds via ketones. Acetoacetate is an intermediate in the Krebs cycle which releases energy from sugars and carbohydrates. [22] In medicine, acetone, acetoacetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate are collectively called ketone bodies, generated from carbohydrates, fatty acids, and amino acids in most vertebrates, including
Acetone cyanohydrin, (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN is the cyanohydrin of acetone.It is generated as an intermediate in the industrial production of methyl methacrylate. [3] In the laboratory, this liquid serves as a source of HCN, which is inconveniently volatile. [4]
Acetoacetic ester synthesis is a chemical reaction where ethyl acetoacetate is alkylated at the α-carbon to both carbonyl groups and then converted into a ketone, or more specifically an α-substituted acetone. This is very similar to malonic ester synthesis. Acetoacetic ester synthesis equation
A second synthesis involves the base-catalyzed condensation (e.g., by sodium ethoxide CH 3 CH 2 O − Na +) of acetone and ethyl acetate, followed by acidification of the sodium acetylacetonate (e.g., by hydrogen chloride HCl): [11]
Present-day Bargellini reaction used for synthesis of hindered morpholinones or piperazinones from ketones (primarily acetone) and 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol (β-amino alcohols) OR 1,2-diaminopropanes (diamines). The solvent used is dichloromethane (DCM), also known as methylene chloride with a benzyltriethylammonium chloride catalyst. The ...