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  2. Five-number summary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-number_summary

    There are eight observations, so the median is the mean of the two middle numbers, (2 + 13)/2 = 7.5. Splitting the observations either side of the median gives two groups of four observations. The median of the first group is the lower or first quartile, and is equal to (0 + 1)/2 = 0.5. The median of the second group is the upper or third ...

  3. PRESS statistic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRESS_statistic

    Instead of fitting only one model on all data, leave-one-out cross-validation is used to fit N models (on N observations) where for each model one data point is left out from the training set. The out-of-sample predicted value is calculated for the omitted observation in each case, and the PRESS statistic is calculated as the sum of the squares ...

  4. One in ten rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_in_ten_rule

    In other words: for each feature we need 10 observations/labels. For example, if a sample of 200 patients is studied and 20 patients die during the study (so that 180 patients survive), the one in ten rule implies that two pre-specified predictors can reliably be fitted to the total data.

  5. 68–95–99.7 rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/68–95–99.7_rule

    Every 1.07 billion years (four occurrences in history of Earth) μ ± 7.5σ: 0.999 999 999 999 936: 6.382 × 10 −14 = 63.82 ppq: 1 in 15 669 601 204 101: Once every 43 billion years (never in the history of the Universe, twice in the future of the Local Group before its merger) μ ± 8σ: 0.999 999 999 999 999: 1.244 × 10 −15 = 1.244 ppq ...

  6. SAS (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAS_(software)

    In the 1980s and 1990s, SAS released a number of components to complement Base SAS. SAS/GRAPH, which produces graphics, was released in 1980, as well as the SAS/ETS component, which supports econometric and time series analysis. A component intended for pharmaceutical users, SAS/PH-Clinical, was released in the 1990s.

  7. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

    This is the smallest value for which we care about observing a difference. Now, for (1) to reject H 0 with a probability of at least 1 − β when H a is true (i.e. a power of 1 − β), and (2) reject H 0 with probability α when H 0 is true, the following is necessary: If z α is the upper α percentage point of the standard normal ...

  8. Comparison of statistical packages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_statistical...

    The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of statistical ... SAS Institute: 16.1 (July 2021 ... 1.5.3 (17 October 2020 ...

  9. Statements on Auditing Standards (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statements_on_Auditing...

    They are commonly abbreviated as "SAS" followed by their respective number and title. With the permission of the AICPA, the full text of Standards 1–101 has been posted on the website of the Digital Accounting Collection at the J.D. Williams Library of the University of Mississippi.