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This page covers the conifers (class Pinopsida). For the background to this list see parent article List of the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland. All are part of the order Pinales. Status key: * indicates an introduced species and e indicates an extinct species.
The great majority of conifer genera and species are evergreen, retaining their leaves for several (2–40) years before falling, but unusual deciduous conifers occur in five genera (Larix, Pseudolarix, Glyptostrobus, Metasequoia and Taxodium), shedding their leaves in autumn and leafless through the winter.
Most conifers are monoecious, but some are subdioecious or dioecious; all are wind-pollinated. Conifer seeds develop inside a protective cone called a strobilus. The cones take from four months to three years to reach maturity, and vary in size from 2 to 600 millimetres (1 ⁄ 8 to 23 + 5 ⁄ 8 in) long.
Conifers account for around one half (51%) of the UK woodland area, although this proportion varies from around one quarter (26%) in England to around three quarters (74%) in Scotland. [8] Britain's native tree flora comprises 32 species, of which 29 are broadleaves. The UK's industry and populace uses at least 50 million tonnes of timber a year.
List of the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland (conifers) covers the conifers ; The remaining parts cover the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida): List of the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland (dicotyledons) List of the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland (Rosaceae), covering the dicotyledon family Rosaceae
Podocarpus (/ ˌ p oʊ d ə ˈ k ɑːr p ə s / [2]) is a genus of conifers, the most numerous and widely distributed of the podocarp family, the Podocarpaceae. Podocarpus species are evergreen shrubs or trees, usually from 1 to 25 m (3 to 82 ft) tall, known to reach 40 m (130 ft) at times.
Araucaria columnaris is a distinctive narrowly conical tree growing up to 60 m (200 ft) tall in its native habit. The trees have a slender, spire-like crown. [3] The shape of young trees strongly resembles A. heterophylla.
The order Pinales in the division Pinophyta, class Pinopsida, comprises all the extant conifers. The distinguishing characteristic is the reproductive structure known as a cone produced by all Pinales. All of the extant conifers, such as Araucaria, cedar, celery-pine, cypress, fir, juniper, kauri, larch, pine, redwood, spruce, and yew, are ...