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Miller indices of a plane (hkl) and a direction [hkl].The intercepts on the axes are at a/ h, b/ k and c/ l. The International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) gives the following definition: "The law of rational indices states that the intercepts, OP, OQ, OR, of the natural faces of a crystal form with the unit-cell axes a, b, c are inversely proportional to prime integers, h, k, l.
Examples of determining indices for a plane using intercepts with axes; left (111), right (221) There are two equivalent ways to define the meaning of the Miller indices: [1] via a point in the reciprocal lattice, or as the inverse intercepts along the lattice vectors.
There is no theoretical maximum, but in practice, values are considerably less than one even for poor models, provided the model includes a suitable scale factor. Random experimental errors in the data contribute to R {\displaystyle R} even for a perfect model, and these have more leverage when the data are weak or few, such as for a low ...
The parameters being fitted include the unit-cell parameters, the instrumental zero error, peak width parameters, and peak shape parameters. First, the Le Bail method defines an arbitrary starting value for the intensities (I obs). This value is ordinarily set to one, but other values may be used.
Kuala Lumpur General Hospital (Malay: Hospital Kuala Lumpur, abbr: HKL) is the largest Malaysian government-owned public hospital and higher specialised hospital in Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Hospital opened in 1870, HKL is a not-for-profit institution and serves as the flagship hospital of the Malaysian public healthcare system.
The Standard Carrier Alpha Code, a two-to-four letter identification, is used by the transportation industry to identify freight carriers in computer systems and shipping documents such as Bill of Lading, Freight Bill, Packing List, and Purchase Order.
Light atoms usually show only a small anomalous dispersion effect. In this case, the Flack parameter can refine to a physically unrealistic value (less than 0 or greater than 1) and has no meaning. This parameter, introduced by H. D. Flack [1] became one of a standard set of values being checked for structures with noncentrosymmetric space groups.
The structure factor is a critical tool in the interpretation of scattering patterns (interference patterns) obtained in X-ray, electron and neutron diffraction experiments. Confusingly, there are two different mathematical expressions in use, both called 'structure factor'.