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Haplogroup X is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is found in North America, Europe, Western Asia, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa. A mtDNA-based map of major human migrations. Haplogroup X diverged from haplogroup N roughly 30,000 years ago (just prior to or during the Last Glacial Maximum).
Schematic illustration of maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow in and out of Beringia, from 25,000 years ago to present. The genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas is divided into two distinct periods: the initial peopling of the Americas from about 20,000 to 14,000 years ago (20–14 kya), [1] and European contact, after about 500 years ago.
Figure 2. Schematic illustration of maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow in and out of Beringia (long chronology, single source model). The Ancient Beringian (AB) is a human archaeogenetic lineage, based on the genome of an infant found at the Upward Sun River site (dubbed USR1), dated to 11,500 years ago. [1]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 7 March 2025. African-American woman (1920–1951), source of HeLa immortal cell line "Lacks" redirects here. For other uses, see Lack. Henrietta Lacks Lacks c. 1945–1951. Born Loretta Pleasant (1920-08-01) August 1, 1920 Roanoke, Virginia, U.S. Died October 4, 1951 (1951-10-04) (aged 31) Baltimore ...
Anzick-1 was a young (1–2 years old) Paleoindian child whose remains were found in south central Montana, United States, in 1968. He has been dated to 12,990–12,840 years Before Present. [1] The child was found with more than 115 tools made of stone and antlers and dusted with red ocher, suggesting a deliberate burial. [2]
Arlington Springs Man [nb 1] was an ancient Paleoindian, [1] most likely a man, [2] whose remains were found in 1959 on Santa Rosa Island, one of the Channel Islands located off the coast of Southern California. He lived about 13,000 years Before Present, making him the earliest dated adult in North America.
Scientific excavations and analysis in the Paisley Caves since 2002 have uncovered substantial new discoveries, including subfossil human coprolites with the oldest DNA evidence of human habitation in North America, various artifacts, and animal remains. The DNA was radiocarbon dated to 14,300 BP or roughly 12,000 BC. [3]
The cranium was fully intact including all of its teeth from the time of death. [11] All major bones were found except the sternum and a few in the hands and feet. [12] After further study, Chatters concluded it was "a male of late middle age (40–55 years), and tall (170 to 176 cm, 5′7″ to 5′9″), and was fairly muscular with a slender build". [11]