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In botany, drought tolerance is the ability by which a plant maintains its biomass production during arid or drought conditions. [1] [2] [3] Some plants are naturally adapted to dry conditions, surviving with protection mechanisms such as desiccation tolerance, detoxification, or repair of xylem embolism. [3]
Vigna aconitifolia is a drought-resistant legume, commonly grown in arid and semi-arid regions of India. It is commonly called mat bean, moth bean, matki or dew bean. The pods, sprouts and protein-rich seeds of this crop are commonly consumed in India. Moth bean can be grown on many soil types, and can also act as a pasture legume.
Resistance to drought is a quantitative trait, with a complex phenotype, often confounded by plant phenology. Breeding for drought resistance is further complicated since several types of abiotic stress, such as high temperatures, high irradiance, and nutrient toxicities or deficiencies can challenge crop plants simultaneously.
Such methods include: researching on drought resistant crops, monitoring plant transpiration and reducing soil evaporation. [117] Drought resistant crops have been researched extensively as a means to overcome the issue of water shortage. They are modified genetically so they can adapt in an environment with little water. This is beneficial as ...
It is grown as a minor crop in most of these areas, with the exception of the Deccan plateau in India where it is grown as a major food source. [6] It is a very hardy crop that is drought tolerant and can survive on marginal soils where other crops may not survive, and can supply 450–900 kg of grain per hectare. [7]
Maize (Zea mays, Poaceae) is the most widely cultivated C 4 plant.[1]In botany, C 4 carbon fixation is one of three known methods of photosynthesis used by plants. C 4 plants increase their photosynthetic efficiency by reducing or suppressing photorespiration, which mainly occurs under low atmospheric CO 2 concentration, high light, high temperature, drought, and salinity.
Teff is a C 4 plant, [5] which allows it to more efficiently fix carbon in drought and high temperatures, and is an intermediate between a tropical and temperate grass. [7] The name teff is thought to originate from the Amharic word ጠፍፋ teffa , which means "lost".
Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is known to be more environmentally-tolerant than other cereal crops, in terms of soil pH, mineral nutrient availability, and water availability. [1] Because of this, much research is being done on barley plants in order to determine whether or not there is a genetic basis for this environmental hardiness. [2]