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  2. Antigenic escape - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigenic_escape

    This process can occur in a number of different ways of both a genetic and an environmental nature. [1] Such mechanisms include homologous recombination, and manipulation and resistance of the host's immune responses. [2] Different antigens are able to escape through a variety of mechanisms.

  3. Murray Sidman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_Sidman

    Dr. Sidman’s publications in peer-refereed journals number close to 100 and have defined much of our current understanding of stimulus control, stimulus equivalence, and avoidance behavior. His 1960 text, Tactics of Scientific Research, is considered the first primer on within- subject research methodology. It is a classic that is still used ...

  4. Metagenomics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metagenomics

    Metadata includes detailed information about the three-dimensional (including depth, or height) geography and environmental features of the sample, physical data about the sample site, and the methodology of the sampling. [31] This information is necessary both to ensure replicability and to enable downstream analysis. Because of its importance ...

  5. Climate change adaptation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_adaptation

    Climate change adaptation is the process of adjusting to the effects of climate change, both current and anticipated. [1] Adaptation aims to moderate or avoid harm for people, and is usually done alongside climate change mitigation. It also aims to exploit opportunities. Humans may also intervene to help adjust for natural systems. [1]

  6. Antigenic variation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigenic_variation

    Antigenic variation or antigenic alteration refers to the mechanism by which an infectious agent such as a protozoan, bacterium or virus alters the proteins or carbohydrates on its surface and thus avoids a host immune response, making it one of the mechanisms of antigenic escape. It is related to phase variation. Antigenic variation not only ...

  7. Experimental ecology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_ecology

    Data collected from these experiments is used to draw conclusions about ecological processes, patterns, and underlying mechanisms. Experimental ecology is a new methodology in ecological research, formalized by Henrik Lundegårdh [1] in his 1925 book, Klima und Boden. As stated above, Experimental ecology is a branch of ecology that focuses on ...

  8. Breeding for drought stress tolerance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breeding_for_drought...

    Dehydration tolerance mechanisms are the result of a response triggered by dehydration stress itself and are therefore considered adaptive. When the stress is terminal and predictable, dehydration escape through the use of shorter duration varieties is often the preferable method of improving yield potential.

  9. Atmospheric escape - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_escape

    One classical thermal escape mechanism is Jeans escape, [1] named after British astronomer Sir James Jeans, who first described this process of atmospheric loss. [2] In a quantity of gas, the average velocity of any one molecule is measured by the gas's temperature, but the velocities of individual molecules change as they collide with one another, gaining and losing kinetic energy.