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A labeled diagram of an action potential.As seen above, repolarization takes place just after the peak of the action potential, when K + ions rush out of the cell.. In neuroscience, repolarization refers to the change in membrane potential that returns it to a negative value just after the depolarization phase of an action potential which has changed the membrane potential to a positive value.
During single action potentials, transient depolarization of the membrane opens more voltage-gated K + channels than are open in the resting state, many of which do not close immediately when the membrane returns to its normal resting voltage. This can lead to an "undershoot" of the membrane potential to values that are more polarized ...
Phase resetting is fundamental for the synchronization of different neurons or different brain regions [18] [38] because the timing of spikes can become phase locked to the activity of other neurons. Phase resetting also permits the study of evoked activity, a term used in electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography for responses in brain ...
The development of the nervous system in humans, or neural development, or neurodevelopment involves the studies of embryology, developmental biology, and neuroscience.These describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the complex nervous system forms in humans, develops during prenatal development, and continues to develop postnatally.
Neuronal migration is the method by which neurons travel from their origin or birthplace to their final position in the brain. There are several ways they can do this, e.g. by radial migration or tangential migration. Sequences of radial migration (also known as glial guidance) and somal translocation have been captured by time-lapse microscopy ...
According to the World Health Organization, nearly 1 in 6 people worldwide are living with a neurological disorder. In the U.S. alone, approximately 5.8 million people have Alzheimer's disease ...
Guillain–Barré syndrome – nerve damage. Neuroregeneration in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) occurs to a significant degree. [5] [6] After an injury to the axon, peripheral neurons activate a variety of signaling pathways which turn on pro-growth genes, leading to reformation of a functional growth cone and regeneration.
Anoxic depolarization is a progressive and uncontrollable depolarization of neurons during stroke or brain ischemia in which there is an inadequate supply of blood to the brain. [1] Anoxic depolarization is induced by the loss of neuronal selective membrane permeability and the ion gradients across the membrane that are needed to support ...