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The Shang dynasty is the earliest dynasty within traditional Chinese history that is firmly supported by archaeological evidence. The archaeological site of Yinxu, near modern-day Anyang, corresponds to the final Shang capital of Yin. Excavations at Yinxu have revealed eleven major royal tombs, the foundations of former palace buildings, and ...
The Book of Documents (Chinese: 書經; pinyin: Shūjīng; Wade–Giles: Shu King) or the Classic of History, [a] is one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature. It is a collection of rhetorical prose attributed to figures of ancient China , and served as the foundation of Chinese political philosophy for over two millennia.
Rib of a rhinoceros killed in a royal hunt, bearing an inscription including the character 商 (Shāng, fifth character from the bottom on the right) [2]. The Late Shang, also known as the Anyang period, is the earliest known literate civilization in China, spanning the reigns of the last nine kings of the Shang dynasty, beginning with Wu Ding in the second half of the 13th century BC and ...
Zhaoge (Chinese: 朝歌; pinyin: Zhāogē), in modern Qi County, Hebi, Henan province, was the capital of the State of Wey in the Zhou dynasty. [1] According to traditional histories, it had been the last capital of the Shang dynasty, from king Geng Ding or Wu Yi through the final three kings.
At the same time the leader of the Zhou clan, posthumously known as King Wen of Zhou, was preparing to replace the Shang dynasty with the rule of his own clan (the subsequent Zhou dynasty), though at the time they were a vassal state to Shang. In contrast to Shang, the leadership of Zhou was famous for its provision of food and protection for ...
As Tang of Shang was a nobleman, his revolution is considered the first 'noble revolution' in Chinese history. [2] The Shang dynasty , which he founded, was also the second dynasty in Chinese history.
Wu Ding (Chinese: 武丁; died c. 1200 BC); personal name Zi Zhao (子昭), was a king of the Chinese Shang dynasty who ruled the central Yellow River valley c. 1250 BC – c. 1200 BC. He is the earliest figure in Chinese history mentioned in contemporary records.
The Book of Documents obliquely mentions Shang pyromancy, with a reference to Pan Geng lauding those who did not "presumptuously oppose the decision of the tortoise". [118] The last Shang king, Di Xin, was described by the Zhou dynasty as a ruler who completely neglected religious affairs, especially sacrifices. The Zhou identified this as a ...