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  2. Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnamoyl-CoA_reductase

    Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (EC 1.2.1.44), systematically named cinnamaldehyde:NADP+ oxidoreductase (CoA-cinnamoylating) but commonly referred to by the acronym CCR, is an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of a substituted cinnamoyl-CoA to its corresponding cinnamaldehyde, utilizing NADPH and H + and releasing free CoA and NADP + in the process. [1]

  3. Cytochrome P450 aromatic O-demethylase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome_P450_aromatic_O...

    The enzyme is notable for its promiscuity, affecting the O-demethylation of a range of substrates, including lignin. It is a heterodimeric protein derived from the products of two genes. The component proteins are a cytochrome P450 enzyme (encoded by the gcoA gene from the family CYP255A) and a three-domain reductase (encoded by the gcoB gene ...

  4. Laccase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laccase

    For example, laccases play a role in the formation of lignin by promoting the oxidative coupling of monolignols, a family of naturally occurring phenols. [1] [2] Other laccases, such as those produced by the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, play a role in the degradation of lignin, and can therefore be classed as lignin-modifying enzymes. [3]

  5. Lignin-modifying enzyme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignin-modifying_enzyme

    Lignin-modifying enzymes benefit industry as they can break down lignin; a common waste product of the paper and pulp industry. These enzymes have been used in the refinement of poplar as lignin inhibits the enzymatic hydrolysis of treated poplar and Lignin-modifying enzymes can efficiently degrade the lignin thus fixing this problem. [4]

  6. Lignin peroxidase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignin_peroxidase

    Lignin is found to be degraded by enzyme lignin peroxidases produced by some fungi like Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The mechanism by which lignin peroxidase (LiP) interacts with the lignin polymer involves veratrole alcohol , which is a secondary metabolite of white rot fungi that acts as a cofactor for the enzyme.

  7. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylalanine_ammonia-lyase

    The enzyme phenylalanine ammonia lyase (EC 4.3.1.24) catalyzes the conversion of L-phenylalanine to ammonia and trans-cinnamic acid.: [1] L -phenylalanine = trans -cinnamate + NH 3 Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is the first and committed step in the phenyl propanoid pathway and is therefore involved in the biosynthesis of the polyphenol ...

  8. Physicians Are Dramatically Underdiagnosing Early Cognitive ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/physicians-dramatically...

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  9. Kisspeptin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisspeptin

    Kiss1 was originally identified as a human metastasis suppressor gene that has the ability to suppress melanoma and breast cancer metastasis. [6] Kisspeptin-GPR54 signaling has an important role in initiating secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at puberty, the extent of which is an area of ongoing research. [ 7 ]