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Downside risk (DR) is measured by target semi-deviation (the square root of target semivariance) and is termed downside deviation. It is expressed in percentages and therefore allows for rankings in the same way as standard deviation. An intuitive way to view downside risk is the annualized standard deviation of returns below the target.
Completed Tornado Diagram. Tornado diagrams, also called tornado plots, tornado charts or butterfly charts, are a special type of Bar chart, where the data categories are listed vertically instead of the standard horizontal presentation, and the categories are ordered so that the largest bar appears at the top of the chart, the second largest appears second from the top, and so on.
A partial order that includes four elements forming two two-element chains would lead to a relation (, <) that violates the second semiorder axiom, and a partial order that includes four elements forming a three-element chain and an unrelated item would violate the third semiorder axiom (cf. pictures in section #Axiomatics).
Higher-order Voronoi diagrams also subdivide space. Higher-order Voronoi diagrams can be generated recursively. To generate the n th-order Voronoi diagram from set S, start with the (n − 1) th-order diagram and replace each cell generated by X = {x 1, x 2, ..., x n−1} with a Voronoi diagram generated on the set S − X.
The following other wikis use this file: Usage on ast.wikipedia.org Distribución normal; Usage on be.wikipedia.org Тэорыя імавернасцей
Penguin diagram: a quark changes flavor via a W or Z loop Tadpole diagram: One loop diagram with one external leg Self-interaction or oyster diagram An electron emits and reabsorbs a photon Box diagram The box diagram for kaon oscillations: Photon-photon scattering: Higgs boson production: Via gluons and top quarks: Via quarks and W or Z bosons ...
Each band has 1 standard deviation, and the labels indicate the approximate proportion of area (note: these add up to 99.8%, and not 100% because of rounding for presentation.) Français : Courbe de distribution normale montrant l' écart type .
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