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The disease presents in a classic triad of symptoms, which are memory impairment, urinary frequency, and balance problems/gait deviations (note: this diagnosis method is obsolete [5] [6]). The disease was first described by Salomón Hakim and Raymond Adams in 1965.
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a form of chronic communicating hydrocephalus, with enlarged cerebral ventricles and intermittently increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure. [ 47 ] [ 32 ] The symptoms include dementia, gait changes, and urinary incontinence. [ 32 ]
The diagnosis is based on symptoms and a high opening pressure found during a lumbar puncture with no specific cause found on a brain scan. [1] [2] Treatment includes a healthy diet, salt restriction, and exercise. [2] The medication acetazolamide may also be used along with the above measures. [2]
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) looks at CSF flow values and velocities, which is important for diagnosis because NPH is idiopathic and has varying symptoms amongst patients including urinary incontinence, dementia, and gait disturbances. Increased aqueduct CSF stroke volume and velocity are indicators of NPH. [7]
An acquired total inability to stand and walk can be seen in organic neurological diseases, including stroke, Parkinson's disease, damage to the cerebellum, Guillain–Barré syndrome, normal pressure hydrocephalus and many others. In normal pressure hydrocephalus, for example, when the condition remains untreated, the patient's gait becomes ...
Gait abnormality is also common in persons with nervous system problems such as cauda equina syndrome, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease (with characteristic Parkinsonian gait), Alzheimer's disease, vitamin B 12 deficiency, myasthenia gravis, normal pressure hydrocephalus, and Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease. Research has shown that ...
Danny Bonaduce has undergone a successful brain surgery amid his hydrocephalus diagnosis -- a neurological disorder caused by liquid buildup in his brain. The actor's friend, Paul Anderson, told ...
Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure exerted by fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the skull and on the brain tissue. ICP is measured in millimeters of mercury and at rest, is normally 7–15 mmHg for a supine adult. This equals to 9–20 cmH 2 O, which is a common scale used in lumbar punctures. [1]