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MIPS can be useful when comparing performance between processors made with similar architecture (e.g. Microchip branded microcontrollers), but they are difficult to compare between differing CPU architectures. [4]
An Intel November 2008 white paper [10] discusses "Turbo Boost" technology as a new feature incorporated into Nehalem-based processors released in the same month. [11]A similar feature called Intel Dynamic Acceleration (IDA) was first available with Core 2 Duo, which was based on the Santa Rosa platform and was released on May 10, 2007.
Processor Series nomenclature Code name Production date Features supported (instruction set) Clock rate Socket Fabri-cation TDP Cores (number) Bus speed Cache L1 Cache L2 Cache L3 Overclock capable 4004: N/A N/A 1971 - Nov 15 [clarification needed] N/A 740 kHz DIP 10-micron 2 N/A N/A N/A 8008: N/A N/A 1972 - April good [clarification needed] N ...
2×10 15: Nvidia DGX-2 a 2 Petaflop Machine Learning system (the newer DGX A100 has 5 Petaflop performance) 11.5×10 15: Google TPU pod containing 64 second-generation TPUs, May 2017 [9] 17.17×10 15: IBM Sequoia's LINPACK performance, June 2013 [10] 20×10 15: roughly the hardware-equivalent of the human brain according to Ray Kurzweil.
The purpose of overclocking is to increase the operating speed of a given component. [3] Normally, on modern systems, the target of overclocking is increasing the performance of a major chip or subsystem, such as the main processor or graphics controller, but other components, such as system memory or system buses (generally on the motherboard), are commonly involved.
As of 2010 the fastest PC processor reached 109 gigaFLOPS (Intel Core i7 980 XE) [51] in double precision calculations. GPUs are considerably more powerful. For example, Nvidia Tesla C2050 GPU computing processors perform around 515 gigaFLOPS [ 52 ] in double precision calculations, and the AMD FireStream 9270 peaks at 240 gigaFLOPS.
Bottom view of a Core i7-2600K. Sandy Bridge is the codename for Intel's 32 nm microarchitecture used in the second generation of the Intel Core processors (Core i7, i5, i3).The Sandy Bridge microarchitecture is the successor to Nehalem and Westmere microarchitecture.
[5] [6] This is surpassed by the CPU-Z overclocking record for the highest CPU clock rate at 8.79433 GHz with an AMD FX-8350 Piledriver-based chip bathed in LN2, achieved in November 2012. [7] [8] It is also surpassed by the slightly slower AMD FX-8370 overclocked to 8.72 GHz which tops off the HWBOT frequency rankings.