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Track warrants are issued granting main track use between two named points (i.e. milepost sign, station, or any fixed physical point, such as a switch).The dispatcher may also issue time constraints (known as "Box 6" on a standard form), although the track warrants remain in effect until cleared by a member of the receiving crew.
Form D Control System, or DCS, is a system similar to Track Warrant Control that is used by railroads subscribing to NORAC (Track Warrant Control is a GCOR term). The name comes from the form that train crews copy the authority onto. A sample Form D is available here; line two is used to grant authority for occupying the track.
The General Code of Operating Rules (GCOR) is a set of operating rules for railroads in the United States.The GCOR is used by Class I railroads west of Chicago, most of the Class II railroads, and many Short-line railroads.
Train order operation was widely used by the railroads of North America before the days of centralized traffic control (CTC), direct traffic control (DTC), and the use of track warrants conveyed by radio. The system used a set of rules when direct communication between train dispatchers and trains was limited or non-existent.
These take the form of routing decisions at controlled points that authorize a train to proceed or stop. Local signaling logic will ultimately determine the exact signal to display based on track occupancy status ahead and the exact route the train needs to take, so the only input required from the CTC system amounts to the go, no-go instruction.
The basic principle is that a track is broken up into a series of sections or "blocks". Only one train may occupy a block at a time, [citation needed] and the blocks are sized to allow a train to stop within them. [1] That ensures that a train always has time to stop before getting dangerously close to another train on the same line.
Automatic block signaling (ABS), spelled automatic block signalling or called track circuit block (TCB [1]) in the UK, is a railroad communications system that consists of a series of signals that divide a railway line into a series of sections, called blocks. The system controls the movement of trains between the blocks using automatic signals.
A railway warrant is a voucher issued for travel on railways for certain groups such as government employees, company employees, military personnel and retirees at subsidized rates or free of charge, exchangeable for a ticket to travel. [1] The cost of the ticket is charged to the warrant issuer's account.