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The Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) of 1978 (Pub. L. 95–555) is a United States federal statute. It amended Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to "prohibit sex discrimination on the basis of pregnancy." [1] [2] The Act covers discrimination "on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions."
The Pregnant Workers Fairness Act is a United States law meant to eliminate discrimination and ensure workplace accommodations for workers with known limitations related to pregnancy, childbirth, or a related medical condition. [1] It applies to employers having fifteen or more employees. [2]
Though women have some protection in the United States because of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, it has not completely curbed the incidence of pregnancy discrimination. [1] The Equal Rights Amendment could ensure more robust sex equality ensuring that women and men could both work and have children at the same time. [5]
The 1978 law, which amended Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, prohibited discrimination on the basis of pregnancy and marked a major shift for gender equality at time when pregnant women ...
United Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc., 499 U.S. 187 (1991), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States establishing that private sector policies prohibiting women from knowingly working in potentially hazardous occupations are discriminatory and in violation of Title VII and the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978. [1]
[8] Discrimination complaints can be based on hiring, firing, promotions, harassment, training, wages, and/or benefits, [9] and responsibility covers: [10] Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; Sections 102 and 103 of the Civil Rights Act of 1991; Pregnancy Discrimination Act; Equal Pay Act of 1963; Title I of the Americans with ...
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act amended Title VII in 1978, specifying that unlawful sex discrimination includes discrimination based on pregnancy, childbirth, and related medical conditions. [4] A related statute, the Family and Medical Leave Act, sets requirements governing leave for pregnancy and pregnancy-related conditions. [13]
Case history; Prior: 784 F.3d 192 (4th Cir. 2013): Holding; To bring a disparate treatment claim under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, a pregnant employee must show that the employer refused to provide accommodations and that the employer later provided accommodations to other employees with similar restrictions.