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Recommendations from the National Conservation Strategy Report are incorporated in the Eighth Five-Year Plan (1993–98). In a recent study conducted by the Global CLEAN campaign, it was found that the average temperature in Pakistan had risen by 0.2 degrees in only two years. This is a dramatic change and puts emphasis on climate change campaigns.
Sea level rise along the Karachi coast is estimated at 1.1 mm per year (mm/year) for the period 1856–2000 according to the National Institute of Oceanography, Pakistan. [29] According to IPCC estimates, the mean rate of global average sea level rise was 1.7 mm/year between 1901 and 2010, and 3.2 mm/year between 1993 and 2010. [30]
A 2010 analysis estimated that 1.2 million people died prematurely each year in China alone because of air pollution. [48] China's high smog levels can damage the human body and cause various diseases. [49] In 2019, air pollution caused 1.67 million deaths in India (17.8% of total deaths nationally). [50]
Air quality in Islamabad has seen intermittent declines, with pollution levels reaching unhealthy levels. Harmful air pollution PM2.5, which comes from engine combustion, industrial emissions, burning of garbage or combustible materials, and dust blown by speeding cars on uncemented patches of road, ranks high. The level is recorded.
A 2023 study on sulfur dioxide emissions by coal power plants (coal PM 2.5) concluded that "exposure to coal PM 2.5 was associated with 2.1 times greater mortality risk than exposure to PM 2.5 from all sources." [133] From 1999 to 2020, a total of 460,000 deaths in the US were attributed to coal PM 2.5. [133]
Light pollution is the presence of any unwanted, inappropriate, or excessive artificial lighting. [1] [2] In a descriptive sense, the term light pollution refers to the effects of any poorly implemented lighting sources, during the day or night. Light pollution can be understood not only as a phenomenon resulting from a specific source or kind ...
Soil contamination, soil pollution, or land pollution as a part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. It is typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural chemicals or improper disposal of waste .
(5) O(3 P) + O 2 + M → O 3 + M(heat) (6) O 3 + NO → NO 2 + O 2. This series of equations is referred to as the photostationary state (PSS). However, because of the presence of Reaction 2 and 3, NO x and ozone are not in a perfectly steady state. By replacing Reaction 6 with Reaction 2 and Reaction 3, the O 3 molecule is no longer destroyed ...