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There are two methods of smelting zinc: the pyrometallurgical process and the electrolysis process. [2] Both methods are still used. [2] [4] Both of these processes share the same first step: roasting. The top path is the pyrometallurgical process of smelting zinc and the bottom path is the electrolytic process.
Leaching is done in long pressure vessels which are cylindrical (horizontal or vertical) or of horizontal tube form known as autoclaves. A good example of the autoclave leach process can also be found in the metallurgy of zinc. It is best described by the following chemical reaction: [citation needed] 2 ZnS + O 2 + 2 H 2 SO 4 → 2 ZnSO 4 + 2 H ...
The Albion process is an atmospheric leaching process for processing zinc concentrate, refractory copper and refractory gold. [1] The process is important because it is the most cost-effective method currently in use for extracting both the zinc and lead from concentrates that contain high lead levels (7% or greater).
Green vitriol – a mineral; iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate. (or ferrous sulfate) Red vitriol - cobalt sulfate. [1] Sweet vitriol – diethyl ether. It could be made by mixing oil of vitriol with spirit of wine and heating it. [2] White vitriol – zinc sulfate, formed by lixiviating roasted zinc blende.
Biological substances can experience leaching themselves, [2] as well as be used for leaching as part of the solvent substance to recover heavy metals. [6] Many plants experience leaching of phenolics, carbohydrates, and amino acids, and can experience as much as 30% mass loss from leaching, [5] just from sources of water such as rain, dew, mist, and fog. [2]
Pyrometallurgy is a branch of extractive metallurgy.It consists of the thermal treatment of minerals and metallurgical ores and concentrates to bring about physical and chemical transformations in the materials to enable recovery of valuable metals. [1]
Graphitic corrosion is selective leaching of iron, from grey cast iron, where iron is removed and graphite grains remain intact. Affected surfaces develop a layer of graphite, rust, and metallurgical impurities that may inhibit further leaching. The effect can be substantially reduced by alloying the cast iron with nickel. [2]
Zinc sulfate is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnSO 4.It forms hydrates ZnSO 4 ·nH 2 O, where n can range from 0 to 7. All are colorless solids. The most common form includes water of crystallization as the heptahydrate, [4] with the formula Zn SO 4 ·7H 2 O.