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Vitiligo (/ ˌ v ɪ t ɪ ˈ l aɪ ɡ oʊ /, vi-ti-leye-goh) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. [1] The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure.
The centromere pattern shows multiple nuclear dots in interphase and mitotic cells, corresponding to the number of chromosomes in the cell. Nuclear dot patterns show between 13 and 25 nuclear dots in interphase cells and are produced by anti-sp100 antibodies. Pleomorphic pattern is caused by antibodies to the proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
Immunofluorescence pattern of SS-A and SS-B antibodies. Produced using serum from a patient on HEp-20-10 cells with a FITC conjugate. Anti-SSA autoantibodies (anti–Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A autoantibodies, also called anti-Ro, or similar names including anti-SSA/Ro, anti-Ro/SSA, anti–SS-A/Ro, and anti-Ro/SS-A) are a type of anti-nuclear autoantibodies that are associated with ...
Poliosis is present in half of patients with segmental vitiligo. [ 5 ] Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome (VKH): VKH is a systemic autoimmune disorder affecting melanin-containing tissues, leading to uveitis , meningitis , and poliosis, which often involves the eyebrows and eyelashes.
Vitiligo occurs in three different patterns. Segmental depigmentation means only one side of the body is affected, whereas generalized depigmentation means many parts of the body are affected. [ 34 ] Jackson's autopsy report states a "focal depigmentation of the skin" [ 35 ] (i.e., the depigmentation occurs on one or a few areas of the body).
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18538 Ensembl ENSG00000132646 ENSMUSG00000027342 UniProt P12004 P17918 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_182649 NM_002592 NM_011045 RefSeq (protein) NP_002583 NP_872590 NP_035175 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 5.11 – 5.13 Mb Chr 2: 132.09 – 132.1 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Cryo-EM structure of the DNA-bound PolD–PCNA processive complex Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is ...
With vitamin D present, vitamin D response elements are encoded and expressed via pattern recognition receptors responses and the genes associated with those responses. [86] The specific DNA target sequence expressed is known as 1,25-(OH)2D3. [86] The expression of 1,25-(OH)2D3 can be induced by macrophages, dendritic cells, T-cells, and B ...