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The 5-HT 2A receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT 2 receptor that belongs to the serotonin receptor family and is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). [4] The 5-HT 2A receptor is a cell surface receptor, [5] but has several intracellular locations. [6] Like all 5-HT 2 receptors, the 5-HT 2A receptor is G q /G 11-protein coupled.
The 5-HT 1B receptor as an example of a metabotropic serotonin receptor. Its crystallographic structure in ribbon representation. 5-HT receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors, or serotonin receptors, are a group of G protein-coupled receptor and ligand-gated ion channels found in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
The 5-HT 2 receptors are a subfamily of 5-HT receptors that bind the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). [1] The 5-HT 2 subfamily consists of three G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are coupled to G q /G 11 and mediate excitatory neurotransmission, [2] including 5-HT 2A, 5-HT 2B, and 5-HT 2C.
Receptors with modulatory effects are spread throughout all synaptic membranes and binding of neurotransmitters sets in motion signaling cascades that help the cell regulate its function. [8] Binding of neurotransmitters to receptors with modulatory effects can have many results.
The VTA contains 5-HT 1A receptors that exert a biphasic effects on firing, with low doses of 5-HT 1A receptor agonists eliciting an increase in firing rate, and higher doses suppressing activity. The 5-HT 2A receptors expressed on dopaminergic neurons increase activity, while 5-HT 2C receptors elicit a decrease in activity. [39]
Serotonin itself, despite acting as a serotonin 5-HT 2A receptor agonist, is thought to be non-hallucinogenic. [132] The hallucinogenic effects of serotonergic psychedelics appear to be mediated by activation of serotonin 5-HT 2A receptors expressed in a population of cortical neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC).
5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 5A, also known as HTR5A, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTR5A gene. [5] [6] Agonists and antagonists for 5-HT receptors, as well as serotonin uptake inhibitors, present promnesic (memory-promoting) and/or anti-amnesic effects under different conditions, and 5-HT receptors are also associated with neural changes.
In genetics, rs6314, also called His452Tyr or H452Y, is a gene variation, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), in the HTR2A gene that codes for the 5-HT 2A receptor.The SNP is located in exon 3 of the gene and the change between C and T results in a change between histidine (His) and tyrosine (Tyr) at the 452nd amino acid, i.e., it is a missense substitution.