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A rather different view is presented in a 2013 analysis by Hao and Xue. Their preferred cladogram shows the zosterophylls and associated genera basal to both the lycopodiopsids and the euphyllophytes, so that there is no clade corresponding to the broadly defined group of lycophytes used by other authors. [19]
Lycopodiopsida is a class of vascular plants also known as lycopsids, [1] lycopods, or lycophytes. Members of the class are also called clubmosses , firmosses , spikemosses and quillworts . They have dichotomously branching stems bearing simple leaves called microphylls and reproduce by means of spores borne in sporangia on the sides of the ...
Members of the family share the common feature of having a microphyll, which is a "small leaf with a single vein, and not associated with a leaf gap in the central vascular system." [ 4 ] In Lycopodiaceae, the microphylls often densely cover the stem in a linear, scale-like, or appressed fashion to the stem, and the leaves are either opposite ...
Using the narrow circumscription of Lycopodium, in which it is one of nine genera in the subfamily Lycopodioideae, the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World recognized the following species as of June 2024: [1] Lycopodium clavatum L. – stag's-horn clubmoss; subcosmopolitan; Lycopodium diaphanum (P.Beauv.) Sw. – Tristan da Cunha
Some authors include the tree-like "aboresecent lycophytes", which formed forests during the Carboniferous period, and often assigned to their own order, Lepidodendrales, within Isoetales. [ 2 ] Fossilised specimens of Isoetes beestonii have been found in rocks dating to the latest Permian -earliest Triassic .
The dichotomous stalk of the plant is 5-20 cm with the branches being of same length with one another. The leaves are densely spiral, flat and needle-like , 4-8 mm long. The sporangium are at the base of the leaves of the shoot's top.
This category is for the "lycophytes". Their formal classification varies as of July 2019 [update] ; this category is for the broadest circumscription including the extinct zosterophylls (e.g. subdivision Lycophytina of Kenrick & Crane (1997)).
Lycopodium lagopus, commonly known as one-cone club-moss, [5] is an arctic and subarctic species of plants in the genus Lycopodium in the clubmoss family. It is widespread in cold, northerly regions: Canada, Greenland , Russia, Scandinavia, and the northern United States including Alaska .