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Mycoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria mediate carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and other nutrient fluxes in marine ecosystems. [16] The incorporation of dissolved organic carbon into microbe biomass is what is known as the microbial loop. [13] Mycoplankton are often found in higher abundances near the surface, as well as in shallow waters.
Mycoplankton include fungi and fungus-like organisms, which, like bacterioplankton, are also significant in remineralisation and nutrient cycling. [ 11 ] Bacterioplankton include bacteria and archaea , which play an important role in remineralising organic material down the water column (note that prokaryotic phytoplankton are also ...
Bacterioplankton refers to the bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column.The name comes from the Ancient Greek word πλαγκτός (planktós), meaning "wandering" or "drifting", and bacterium, a Latin term coined in the 19th century by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg.
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Planktology is the study of plankton, various small drifting plants, animals and microorganisms that inhabit bodies of water.Planktology topics include primary production, energy flow and the carbon cycle.
While mostly microscopic, some mycoplankton can be up to 20 mm in diameter and over 50 mm in length. [118] A typical milliliter of seawater contains about 10 3 to 10 4 fungal cells. [119] This number is greater in coastal ecosystems and estuaries due to nutritional runoff from terrestrial communities.
Meroplankton species composition depends on spatial distribution and reproductive habits of adults in a given area. Biotic and abiotic factors such as tidal and lunar cycles and availability of food determine adult spawning schedules, in turn, determining subsequent meroplankton populations.
Phytoplankton (/ ˌ f aɪ t oʊ ˈ p l æ ŋ k t ə n /) are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems.The name comes from the Greek words φυτόν (phyton), meaning 'plant', and πλαγκτός (planktos), meaning 'wanderer' or 'drifter'.