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March 1960: First solar probe. USA (NASA) Pioneer 5: 19 August 1960: First plants and animals to return alive from Earth orbit. USSR Sputnik 5: 25 September 1960 First rocket engine fired in space. USA (NASA) Pioneer P-30 [13] 31 January 1961: First hominidae in space (chimpanzee Ham). First tasks performed in space. USA (NASA) M-R 2: 12 ...
This is a timeline of achievements in Soviet and United States spaceflight, spanning the Cold War era of nationalistic competition known as the Space Race. This list is limited to first achievements by the USSR and USA which were important during the Space Race in terms of public perception and/or technical innovation.
This is a timeline of Solar System exploration ordering events in the exploration of the Solar System by date of spacecraft launch. It includes: It includes: All spacecraft that have left Earth orbit for the purposes of Solar System exploration (or were launched with that intention but failed), including lunar probes .
This is a list of NASA missions, both crewed and robotic, since the establishment of NASA in 1957. There are over 80 currently active science missions. There are over 80 currently active science missions.
Artificial satellites and space probes in the 1960s Year Launch date Origin Name Launch vehicle Target Status Description 1960 March 11 US: Pioneer 5: Thor-Able: Sun Success: Solar monitor. Measured magnetic field phenomena, solar flare particles, and ionization in the interplanetary region [3] May 15 Soviet Union: Korabl-Sputnik 1: Vostok-L ...
New major spending programs that addressed education, medical care, urban problems, and transportation were launched later in the 1960s. 1964 – Economic Opportunity Act; 1964 – Civil Rights Act of 1964, outlawing major forms of legalized discrimination against blacks and women, and ended legalized racial segregation in the United States
On July 29, 1958, the U.S. Congress officially passed legislation that established the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) -- a civilian agency that is responsible for ...
In the early 1950s, there was a challenge to launch an artificial satellite for the International Geophysical Year (1957–58). An effort for this was the American Project Vanguard . After the Soviet space program launched the world's first artificial satellite ( Sputnik 1 ) on October 4, 1957, the United States stepped up its own efforts.