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Pitman shorthand is a system of shorthand for the English language developed by Englishman Sir Isaac Pitman (1813–1897), who first presented it in 1837. [1] Like most systems of shorthand, it is a phonetic system; the symbols do not represent letters, but rather sounds, and words are, for the most part, written as they are spoken.
The first distance education course in the modern sense was provided by Sir Isaac Pitman in the 1840s, who taught a system of shorthand by mailing texts transcribed into shorthand on postcards and receiving transcriptions from his students in return for correction. The element of student feedback was a crucial innovation of Pitman's system.
Gregg's shorthand, like Pitman's, is phonetic, but has the simplicity of being "light-line." Pitman's system uses thick and thin strokes to distinguish related sounds, while Gregg's uses only thin strokes and makes some of the same distinctions by the length of the stroke.
[6] [7] As such, Pitman and Ellis gave their alphabet the alternative name of Phonotypy or, even more phonetically, Fonotypy. It was designed to be the print form extension of Pitman Shorthand, a form of abbreviated phonetic handwriting. [8] It is closely associated with Phonetic Longhand, which is the handwritten, or script, form of Phonotypy. [9]
Pitman's Metropolitan College was established in 1870, offering a curriculum that included office procedures, accounting, law, shorthand, and typing. [3] In 1886, Isaac Pitman formed Isaac Pitman and Sons (later Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons) with his sons Alfred and Ernest, which became a significant educational publisher and training business. [5]
Burmese Shorthand 1952 Zwe Ohn Chein Burmese Burnz' Fonic Shorthand: 1896: Eliza Boardman Burnz: English: Carissimi Shorthand [11] 1940: Juan Antonio Carissimi: Spanish: Caton Scientific Shorthand [12] [13] Thomas Jasper Caton: Century 21 Shorthand [14] Characterie [15] 1588: Timothy Bright: English: Conen de Prépean Shorthand [16] 1813: Louis ...
Personal Shorthand, originally known as Briefhand in the 1950s, is a completely alphabetic shorthand. There are three basic categories of written shorthand. Best known are pure symbol (stenographic) shorthand systems (e.g., Gregg , Pitman ).
809 schools in the United States reported the system of shorthand they taught in 1916 and 1918. The proportion teaching the Gregg system was 54.8% in 1916 and 64.4% in 1918. The proportion teaching any Pitman system was 44% in 1918. [4]