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For example, the orientation in space of a line, line segment, or vector can be specified with only two values, for example two direction cosines. Another example is the position of a point on the Earth, often described using the orientation of a line joining it with the Earth's center, measured using the two angles of longitude and latitude.
The American high-school geometry curriculum was eventually codified in 1912 and developed a distinctive American style of geometric demonstration for such courses, known as "two-column" proofs. [49] This remains largely true today, with Geometry as a proof-based high-school math class.
In the 1960s a new set of axioms for Euclidean geometry, suitable for American high school geometry courses, was introduced by the School Mathematics Study Group (SMSG), as a part of the New math curricula. This set of axioms follows the Birkhoff model of using the real numbers to gain quick entry into the geometric fundamentals.
A torus is an orientable surface The Möbius strip is a non-orientable surface. Note how the disk flips with every loop. The Roman surface is non-orientable.. In mathematics, orientability is a property of some topological spaces such as real vector spaces, Euclidean spaces, surfaces, and more generally manifolds that allows a consistent definition of "clockwise" and "anticlockwise". [1]
Originally, Boston College was where the first Freshman Orientation class was offered in the year 1888. Reed College, based in Portland, Oregon, was the first institution to offer a course for credit when, in 1911, they offered a course that was divided into men-only and women-only sections that met for 2 hours per week for the year.
Selecting reference points. In two dimensions, given an ordered set of three or more connected vertices (points) (such as in connect-the-dots) which forms a simple polygon, the orientation of the resulting polygon is directly related to the sign of the angle at any vertex of the convex hull of the polygon, for example, of the angle ABC in the picture.
The orientation of a real vector space or simply orientation of a vector space is the arbitrary choice of which ordered bases are "positively" oriented and which are "negatively" oriented. In the three-dimensional Euclidean space , right-handed bases are typically declared to be positively oriented, but the choice is arbitrary, as they may also ...
The week before the term starts is known as: Frosh (or frosh week) in some [15] colleges and universities in Canada. In the US, most call it by the acronym SOAR for Student Orientation And Registration; [16] Freshers' week in the majority of the United Kingdom and Ireland and Orientation week or O-week in countries such as Australia, South Africa and New Zealand, and also in many Canadian ...
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