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Hereby, Greece lost the possibility to extract €13.7bn of remaining funds from the EFSF (€1.0bn unused PSI and Bond Interest facilities, €10.9bn unused bank recapitalization funds and a €1.8bn frozen tranche of macroeconomic support), [65] [66] and also lost the remaining SDR 13.561bn of IMF funds [67] (being equal to €16.0bn as per ...
Gaia-X is an initiative to develop a federated secure data infrastructure for Europe, whereby data are shared, with users retaining control over their data access and usage, and according to some to ensure European digital sovereignty. [1]
The Digital Europe Programme (DEP) is a fund of the European Union which supports the completion of the Digital Single Market by connecting Europe through 'digital bridges' (Digital Service Infrastructures) for the benefit of citizens, businesses and public administrations. It promotes the vision of public services being not only digital by ...
In internet governance, network sovereignty, also called digital sovereignty or cyber sovereignty, is the effort of a governing entity, such as a state, to create boundaries on a network and then exert a form of control, often in the form of law enforcement over such boundaries. [1] [2] [3] [4]
The ESMA regulation states in Article 1(5): "The objective of the Authority shall be to protect the public interest by contributing to the short-, medium- and long-term stability and effectiveness of the financial system, for the Union economy, its citizens and businesses."
The concept of data sovereignty is closely linked with data security, cloud computing, network sovereignty, and technological sovereignty. Unlike technological sovereignty, which is vaguely defined and can be used as an umbrella term in policymaking, [3] data sovereignty is specifically concerned with questions surrounding the data itself. [4]
Data sovereignty is the ability of a legal person or an organisation to control the conditions that data is shared under, and how that shared data is used, as if it were an economic asset. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It can apply to both primary data and secondary data derived from data, or metadata . [ 3 ]
The planned introduction of a digital euro is seen as an important contribution to the digitalization of the economy and society and to securing Europe's sovereignty and competitiveness. The digital money ecosystem proposed in a policy paper is intended to go beyond digital cash and consists of three elements: [30] [31] Retail CBDC for personal use