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The results were measured as mean monthly migraine days in months 4, 5, and 6. At baseline the patients experienced between 4 and 14 migraine days per month with an average of 8.3. The medication significantly reduced the number of migraine days per month by 3.2 in the 70-mg group and 3.7 in the 140-mg group, versus 1.8 in the placebo (0-mg) group.
Galcanezumab, [4] [5] sold under the brand name Emgality, is a humanized monoclonal antibody used for the prevention of migraine. [2] It is also used for the treatment of cluster headaches. [6] A substance called calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been shown to be involved in the development of migraine by widening blood vessels in the ...
Eptinezumab, sold under the brand name Vyepti, is a medication used for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults. [6] It is a monoclonal antibody that targets calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) alpha and beta. [6] [8] It is administered by intravenous infusion. [6]
This list of over 500 monoclonal antibodies includes approved and investigational drugs as well as drugs that have been withdrawn from market; consequently, the column Use does not necessarily indicate clinical usage. See the list of FDA-approved therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in the monoclonal antibody therapy page.
Fremanezumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody directed against calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) alpha and beta. [12] The precise mechanism of action is unknown. [11] It can be given with a quarterly interval.
Several monoclonal antibodies that bind to the CGRP receptor or peptide have been approved for prevention of migraine. [2] Nerve activation triggers the release of CGRP and other neuropeptides, leading to inflammation, pain, and swelling. Three small molecule CGRPR antagonists are approved in the U.S. as antimigraine agents.
There are four injectable monoclonal antibodies that target CGRP or its receptor (eptinezumab, erenumab, fremanezumab, and galcanezumab) and the medications have demonstrated efficacy in the preventative treatment of episodic and chronic migraine headaches in phase III randomized clinical trials. [52]
Erenumab is a highly selective human monoclonal antibody which is a promising new development in migraine treatment. [14] It has low risk of hepatoxicity like gepants can have, due to being mostly eliminated via proteolysis.
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