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  2. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyceraldehyde_3-phosphate...

    The energy released by this highly exergonic oxidation reaction drives the endergonic second reaction (ΔG°'=+50 kJ/mol (+12kcal/mol)), in which a molecule of inorganic phosphate is transferred to the GAP intermediate to form a product with high phosphoryl-transfer potential: 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG).

  3. Phosphorylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorylation

    Phosphorylation is essential to the processes of both anaerobic and aerobic respiration, which involve the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the "high-energy" exchange medium in the cell. During aerobic respiration, ATP is synthesized in the mitochondrion by addition of a third phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in a ...

  4. Phosphoglycerate kinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoglycerate_kinase

    In the glycolytic pathway, 1,3-BPG is the phosphate donor and has a high phosphoryl-transfer potential. The PGK-catalyzed transfer of the phosphate group from 1,3-BPG to ADP to yield ATP can power [clarification needed] the carbon-oxidation reaction of the previous glycolytic step (converting glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 3-phosphoglycerate).

  5. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvate...

    Phosphoryl groups are transferred during PEPCK action, which is likely facilitated by the eclipsed conformation of the phosphoryl groups when ATP is bound to PEPCK. [ 11 ] Since the eclipsed formation is one that is high in energy, phosphoryl group transfer has a decreased energy of activation , meaning that the groups will transfer more readily.

  6. Protein phosphorylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_phosphorylation

    It was found that an enzyme, named phosphorylase kinase and Mg-ATP were required to phosphorylate glycogen phosphorylase by assisting in the transfer of the γ-phosphoryl group of ATP to a serine residue on phosphorylase b. Protein phosphatase 1 is able to catalyze the dephosphorylation of phosphorylated enzymes by removing the phosphate group.

  7. Phosphoglucomutase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoglucomutase

    Substrate-velocity relationships and induced transport tests have revealed that the dephosphorylated enzyme then facilitates the transfer of a phosphoryl group from the glucose-1,6-bisphosphate intermediate to the enzyme, regenerating phosphorylated phosphoglucomutase and yielding glucose 6-phosphate (in the forward direction).

  8. Adenylate kinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenylate_kinase

    Phosphoryl transfer only occurs on closing of the 'open lid'. This causes an exclusion of water molecules that brings the substrates in proximity to each other, [ 7 ] lowering the energy barrier for the nucleophilic attack by the α-phosphoryl of AMP on the γ-phosphoryl group of ATP resulting in formation of ADP by transfer of the γ ...

  9. Substrate-level phosphorylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substrate-level_phosphory...

    Substrate-level phosphorylation exemplified with the conversion of ADP to ATP. Substrate-level phosphorylation is a metabolism reaction that results in the production of ATP or GTP supported by the energy released from another high-energy bond that leads to phosphorylation of ADP or GDP to ATP or GTP (note that the reaction catalyzed by creatine kinase is not considered as "substrate-level ...