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  2. Sharia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia

    Divine, abstract sharia: In this sense, sharia is a rather abstract concept which leaves ample room for various concrete interpretations by humans. Classical sharia: This is the body of Islamic rules, principles and cases compiled by religious scholars during the first two centuries after Muhammad, including Ijtihād.

  3. Kafala system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafala_system

    The kafala system (also spelled "kefala system"; Arabic: نظام الكفالة, romanized: niẓām al-kafāla; meaning "sponsorship system") is a system that exists in many Arab countries in the Middle East, including most of the nations on the Arabian Peninsula, [2] which involves binding migrant workers to a specific employer throughout the period of their residence in a country.

  4. Ministry of Law and Human Rights - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Law_and_Human...

    Website. www.kemenkumham.go.id. The Ministry of Law and Human Rights is an Indonesian ministry that administers laws and human rights. It is responsible to the president, and is led by the Minister of Law and Human Rights, Supratman Andi Agtas, since 19 August 2024. The first minister was Soepomo.

  5. International human rights law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_human_rights_law

    International human rights law (IHRL) is the body of international law designed to promote human rights on social, regional, and domestic levels. As a form of international law, international human rights law is primarily made up of treaties, agreements between sovereign states intended to have binding legal effect between the parties that have agreed to them; and customary international law.

  6. Hanafi school - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanafi_school

    The Hanafi school or Hanafism (Arabic: ٱلْمَذْهَب ٱلْحَنَفِيّ, romanized:al-madhhab al-ḥanafī) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. [ 1 ] It was established by the 8th-century scholar, jurist, and theologian Abu Hanifa (c.699–767 CE), a follower whose legal views were primarily ...

  7. International humanitarian law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_humanitarian_law

    International humanitarian law (IHL), also referred to as the laws of armed conflict, is the law that regulates the conduct of war (jus in bello). [1] [2] It is a branch of international law that seeks to limit the effects of armed conflict by protecting persons who are not participating in hostilities and by restricting and regulating the means and methods of warfare available to combatants.

  8. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Covenant_on...

    The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) is a multilateral treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly (GA) on 16 December 1966 through GA. Resolution 2200A (XXI), and came into force on 3 January 1976. [ 1 ] It commits its parties to work toward the granting of economic, social, and cultural rights ...

  9. Islam by country - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_by_country

    Of the total Muslim population, 87–90% are Sunni and 10–13% are Shi'a. Most Shi'as (between 68% and 80%) live in mainly four countries: Iran, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, and Iraq. [30] Furthermore, there are concentrated Shi'a populations in Lebanon, Russia, China, Pakistan, Bangladesh and 10 sub-Saharan African countries. [31]