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In chemistry, an enantiomer (/ɪˈnænti.əmər, ɛ-, -oʊ-/ [1] ih-NAN-tee-ə-mər; from Ancient Greek ἐναντίος (enantíos) 'opposite', and μέρος (méros) 'part') – also called optical isomer, [2] antipode, [3] or optical antipode[4] – is one of two stereoisomers that are nonsuperposable onto their own mirror image ...
Chirality (chemistry) Two enantiomers of a generic amino acid that are chiral. (S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH. In chemistry, a molecule or ion is called chiral (/ ˈkaɪrəl /) if it cannot be superposed on its mirror image by any combination of rotations, translations, and some conformational changes.
Two enantiomers of a generic amino acidthat is chiral. Chirality(/kaɪˈrælɪti/) is a property of asymmetryimportant in several branches of science. The word chiralityis derived from the Greekχείρ(kheir), "hand", a familiar chiral object. An object or a system is chiralif it is distinguishable from its mirror image; that is, it cannot be ...
Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of chemistry, studies the spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation. [1] The study of stereochemistry focuses on the relationships between stereoisomers, which by definition have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution), but differ in ...
Enantioselective synthesis, also called asymmetric synthesis, [1] is a form of chemical synthesis.It is defined by IUPAC as "a chemical reaction (or reaction sequence) in which one or more new elements of chirality are formed in a substrate molecule and which produces the stereoisomeric (enantiomeric or diastereomeric) products in unequal amounts."
Absolute configuration. In chemistry, absolute configuration refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms within a molecular entity (or group) that is chiral, and its resultant stereochemical description. [1] Absolute configuration is typically relevant in organic molecules where carbon is bonded to four different substituents.
Enantiopure drug. An enantiopure drug is a pharmaceutical that is available in one specific enantiomeric form. Most biological molecules (proteins, sugars, etc.) are present in only one of many chiral forms, so different enantiomers of a chiral drug molecule bind differently (or not at all) to target receptors.
Racemic mixture. In chemistry, a racemic mixture or racemate (/ reɪˈsiːmeɪt, rə -, ˈræsɪmeɪt / [1]) is one that has equal amounts of left- and right-handed enantiomers of a chiral molecule or salt. Racemic mixtures are rare in nature, but many compounds are produced industrially as racemates.