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The Weimar Constitution of August 1919 created the office of President of the Reich (German: Reichspräsident). Upon the death of Paul von Hindenburg in August 1934, the office was left vacant, with Adolf Hitler becoming head of state as Führer und Reichskanzler (retroactively approved by a referendum ).
The president of Germany (German: Reichspräsident, lit. ' president of the Reich ' ) was the head of state under the Weimar Constitution , which was officially in force from 1919 to 1945, encompassing the periods of the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany .
The list below gives the chancellors of West Germany; the government of East Germany was headed by the chairman of the Council of Ministers. [8] In 1990, East Germany was dissolved as it merged with West Germany; Germany was reunified. It retained the name of the Federal Republic of Germany. [9] Political parties: CDU (5) [a] SPD (4)
Germany was ruled by monarchs from the beginning of division of the Frankish Empire in August 843 to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in August 1806. [1] [2] [3] During most of 19th century, independent German principalities were organized into various confederations, such as the Confederation of the Rhine dominated by Napoleon (1806-1813) and the German Confederation created by the ...
Friedrich Ebert (German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈeːbɐt] ⓘ; 4 February 1871 – 28 February 1925) was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who served as the first president of Germany from 1919 until his death in 1925. Ebert was elected leader of the SPD on the death in 1913 of August Bebel.
In the days leading up to Germany's surrender in World War I, the revolution of 1918–1919 broke out and led to the collapse of the German Empire.The Council of the People's Deputies – the revolutionary interim government made up of three members from the Majority Social Democratic Party (SPD) and three from the more radical Independent Social Democrats (USPD) – wanted a popularly elected ...
29 January – Konrad Hesse, German judge (died 2005); 6 March – Michael Karkoc, German war criminal (died 2019); 27 March – Peter Selz, German-born art historian (died 2019)
Bauer's title was minister president until the Weimar Constitution came into force on 14 August 1919, after which he became chancellor of Germany. The cabinet took office on 21 June 1919 when it replaced the Scheidemann cabinet, which had resigned the day before in protest against the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Although the Weimar ...