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Defenders of MI theory argue that the traditional definition of intelligence is too narrow, and thus a broader definition more accurately reflects the differing ways in which humans think and learn. [62] Some criticisms arise from the fact that Gardner has not provided a test of his multiple intelligences.
[13] [14] Many teachers, school administrators, and special educators have been inspired by Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. [15] Gardner's definition of intelligence has been met with some criticism in education circles [16] as well as in the field of psychology. Perhaps the strongest and most enduring critique of his theory of ...
Spearman's two-factor theory proposes that intelligence has two components: general intelligence ("g") and specific ability ("s"). [7] To explain the differences in performance on different tasks, Spearman hypothesized that the "s" component was specific to a certain aspect of intelligence.
The biological basis of personality is a collection of brain systems and mechanisms that underlie human personality. Human neurobiology, especially as it relates to complex traits and behaviors, is not well understood, but research into the neuroanatomical and functional underpinnings of personality are an active field of research.
Neuroscience and intelligence refers to the various neurological factors that are partly responsible for the variation of intelligence within species or between different species. A large amount of research in this area has been focused on the neural basis of human intelligence .
Cognitive biology is an emerging science that regards natural cognition as a biological function. [1] It is based on the theoretical assumption that every organism—whether a single cell or multicellular—is continually engaged in systematic acts of cognition coupled with intentional behaviors, i.e., a sensory-motor coupling. [2]
The multiple realizability thesis in the philosophy of mind posits that the same mental state can be realized by different physical states; another way of putting it is that there is a many-to-one mapping from physical states to mental states. [2] Multiple realizability in general is not restricted to the multiple realizability of mental states.
The Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory is an integration of two previously established theoretical models of intelligence: the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence (Gf-Gc) (Cattell, 1941; Horn 1965), and Carroll's three-stratum theory (1993), a hierarchical, three-stratum model of intelligence. Due to substantial similarities between the ...