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Scarlet fever is a bacterial illness that often presents with a distinctive rash made up of tiny pinkish-red spots that cover the whole body. It affects people who have recently had a sore throat (strep throat) or school sores ( impetigo ) caused by certain strains of the group A streptococcus bacteria.
High fever + upper respiratory symptoms; Rash is brief; Serology for herpes virus 6 and 7 is not generally available; Scarlet fever (Streptococcus pyogenes) Strawberry tongue; Scarlatiniform rash: tiny red macules or rough papules; Swollen then peeling hands; Evidence of streptococcal infection
Scarlet fever is a bacterial illness that often presents with a distinctive rash made up of tiny pinkish-red spots that cover the whole body. It affects people who have recently had a sore throat (strep throat) or school sores ( impetigo ) caused by certain strains of the group A streptococcus bacteria.
Scarlet fever; Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSS). Other specific infections that can give rise to exanthems include: Mycoplasma pneumonia; Rickettsial diseases. Exanthems may also be due to a drug (especially antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). See: Morbilliform drug eruption; Drug hypersensitivity syndrome.
Scarlet fever is a reaction to a circulating toxin that is produced by some strains of streptococcus; Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSS) Allergic hypersensitivity to streptococcal bacteria may result in erythema nodosum or vasculitis; Psoriasis, especially guttate forms, may be provoked or aggravated by streptococcal infection
The rash usually resolves within a week of discontinuing the antibiotic. The drug allergy is usually transient. However, re-exposure to the antibiotic may sometimes result in recurrence of rash years later. Palatal petechiae are found on the hard and soft palate in 50% of young adults in the first few days of the illness.
Differential diagnosis includes measles, rubella, scarlet fever, non-specific toxic erythema associated with infection, Kawasaki disease, connective tissue disease and acute graft-versus-host disease. Tests are not usually necessary if the cause has been identified and stopped, the rash is mild and the patient is well. They may include:
Generalised scaly rash present for 6 weeks with fever Scarlet fever. Scarlatiniform rash (redness then rough spots) Strawberry tongue; Peeling starts after 5 days of illness; Evidence of streptococcal infection; Kawasaki syndrome. Child aged ; 14 years Starts as morbilliform or erythematous rash; Swelling of hands and feet; Oral and ocular ...
An infected person is contagious from 7 days before the rash appearing until seven days later. The incubation period is between 12-23 days. In 25-50%, rubella is asymptomatic. Common symptoms include slight fever, sore throat, rhinitis and malaise. The pale pink erythematous rash begins on the face that spreads to the neck, trunk and extremities.
Saxena A. Diagnosis of rheumatic fever: current status of Jones Criteria and role of echocardiography. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2000 Apr 1;67(4):283–6. PubMed. Behera M. Subcutaneous nodules in acute rheumatic fever--an analysis of age old dictums. Indian Heart Journal. 1992 Dec;45(6):463–7. PubMed. On DermNet. Streptococcal infection