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ICAO Meteorological Information Exchange Model (IWXXM) is a format for reporting weather information in XML/GML.IWXXM includes XML/GML-based representations for products standardized in International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Annex III, such as METAR/SPECI, TAF, SIGMET, AIRMET, Tropical Cyclone Advisory (TCA), Volcanic Ash Advisory (VAA), [1] Space Weather Advisory and World Area ...
The METAR format was introduced internationally on 1 January 1968, and has been modified a number of times since. North American countries continued to use a Surface Aviation Observation (SAO) for current weather conditions until 1 June 1996, when this report was replaced with an approved variant of the METAR agreed upon in a 1989 Geneva agreement.
TAF indicates that the following is a terminal aerodrome forecast. This line may also indicate an amended forecast (TAF AMD) or a corrected forecast (TAF COR) [3] KXYZ indicates the airport to which the forecast applies (ICAO airport code). 051730Z indicates that the report was issued on the 5th of the month at 1730 UTC (also known as Zulu ...
WXXM 1.1 [1] was released in 2010 with a number of additional products beyond ICAO Annex 3. WXXM 2.0 was released in 2014 as a major update. WXXM 2.0 removed data products that are authoritatively represented by ICAO in IWXXM 1.0 (METAR, SPECI, TAF, SIGMET) and incorporated IWXXM 1.0 design approaches.
VOLMET (French origin vol (flight) and météo (weather report)), or meteorological information for aircraft in flight, is a worldwide network of radio stations that broadcast TAF, SIGMET and METAR reports on shortwave frequencies, and in some countries on VHF too. Reports are sent in upper sideband mode, using automated voice transmissions.
A TTF is a professionally considered forecast for weather over a two-hour period, [1] and is based on an actual weather report, such as a METAR or SPECI and appended to the end of it. [1] A TTF is similar to or sometimes in addition to a TAF, a terminal aerodrome forecast, but during the TTF's validity period is considered superior to a TAF.
This is a code number from 0 to 4, with 0, 1 and 2 meaning data is included, and 3 and 4 indicating no precipitation data. i X is a code number indicating the manner of station operation, and the format used in group 7wwWW; codes 1, 2 and 3 indicate a staffed station, while codes 4 to 7 indicate an automatic station.
BUFR Edition 3 is also considered current for operational use. BUFR was created in 1988 with the goal of replacing the WMO's dozens of character-based, position-driven meteorological codes, such as SYNOP (surface observations), TEMP (upper air soundings) and CLIMAT (monthly climatological data).