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This protein is found as a pentamer and is a major substrate for the cAMP-dependent protein kinase in cardiac muscle.In the unphosphorylated state, phospholamban is an inhibitor of cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase [7] which transports calcium from cytosol into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a part of a transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding. The word endoplasmic means "within the cytoplasm", and reticulum is Latin for "little net".
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. [3] The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. [ 4 ]
This important enzyme complex is located within the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, and catalyzes the terminal reactions in both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. [8] The G6Pase complex is most abundant in liver tissue, but also present in kidney cells, small intestine, pancreatic islets and at a lower concentration in the gallbladder.
The translocon (also known as a translocator or translocation channel) is a complex of proteins associated with the translocation of polypeptides across membranes. [1] In eukaryotes the term translocon most commonly refers to the complex that transports nascent polypeptides with a targeting signal sequence into the interior (cisternal or lumenal) space of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) from ...
SERCA is a P-type ATPase. [1] It resides in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) within myocytes. [1] It is a Ca 2+ ATPase that transfers Ca 2+ from the cytosol of the cell to the lumen of the SR. [1]
The rough endoplasmic reticulum branches off of the cell nucleus, has multiple cisternae or layered folds that have interstitial space for protein extrusion. [3] Ribosomes are located in both the cytosol, cellular fluid, or rough endoplasmic reticulum and attach to this ribonucleic acid by separation and re-association of subunits around the ...
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum makes hormones and lipids, degrades toxins, and controls cellular levels of calcium. Though most control of cell division is present in the nucleus, the centrosomes present in the endoplasm assist with spindle formation. The endoplasm is the site of many activities necessary for the cell to maintain homeostasis. [2]