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The last Khan of the Golden Horde that believed in Tengrism. Berke Khan: 1257 - 1266 The fourth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde. The first Islamic Khan of the Golden Horde and supporter of Ariq Böke in the Toluid Civil War. Mengu-Timur: 1266 - 1280 The fifth Khan of the Golden Horde and the Blue Horde. Tode Mongke: 1280 - 1287
His expeditionary force came up from Podolínec and Kežmarok, adding local Polish troops to their number on the way. [22] The Hungarian-Polish force completely surprised a small Mongol army of 1,000 [23] men and annihilated it at the Battle of Stary Sącz, killing the army's commander. This was the last major engagement of the invasion.
Though the Polish forces in total were far larger than the two Mongol tumens (12,000-20,000 men) [2] assigned to defeat them, the Mongols attacked from multiple directions before the Polish armies could merge into one united force. As a result, the Mongols engaged the Polish armies in various battles and skirmishes and defeated them in detail.
Devastation of parts of Poland and Hungary following Mongol victories. Some Mongol troops reaches the outskirts of Vienna and Udine. Death of Ögedei Khan; Retreat of Mongol-Tatar army. [citation needed] spring 1241 – early 1242: Mongol incursions in the Holy Roman Empire (including Austria and northeast Italy)
The Polish defenders included a larger number of Polish knights than in previous Mongol invasions. [30] Overall, this was a more effective strategy. Although Krakow now had a stone castle and improved defenses, the Mongols knew of the considerable riches inside, and stormed the walls. The Polish defenders managed to repel the attack. [31]
The following is an incomplete list of major wars fought by Mongolia, by Mongolian people or regular armies during periods when independent Mongolian states existed, from antiquity to the present day. The list gives the name, the date, combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend: Mongolian victory Mongolian defeat
In: The Expansion of the Faith. Crusading on the Frontiers of Latin Christendom in the High Middle Ages, ed. Paul Srodecki and Norbert Kersken (Turnhout: Brepols 2022), ISBN 978-2-503-58880-3, pp. 303–327. Turnbull, Stephen. Genghis Khan and the Mongol Conquests 1190–1400 (2003) excerpt and text search; Bayarsaikhan Dashdondog.
After the accession of his brother Möngke Khan to the Mongol throne in 1251, Hulegu, a grandson of Genghis Khan, was dispatched westwards to Persia to secure the region. His massive army of over 138,000 men took years to reach the region but then quickly attacked and overpowered the Nizari Ismaili Assassins in 1256. The Mongols had expected al ...